青海易地扶贫搬迁:成效、挑战及其后续帮扶措施——基于市(州)级数据的实证分析

Poverty Alleviation Relocation in Qinghai:Effectiveness,Challenges and Follow-up Support Measures——Empirical Analysis Based on City-prefecture Data

易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶工作的有效推进对于巩固青海省脱贫攻坚成果、推动三江源地区生态保护和建设工作具有重要的意义。利用青海省8个市(州)的易地扶贫搬迁数据,采用统计描述法,针对易地扶贫搬迁的成效、挑战以及帮扶措施展开研究。通过严密分析,得到如下结论:青海省通过易地扶贫搬迁,改善了人民生活水平,促进了农业生产、就业和收入实现多元化,生活就业更加便利,社会保障更加坚实,生态环境显著改善。然而,还存在如下风险和挑战:财政兜底责任大、可持续性生计难以保障、社会治理困难重重、后续难度管理大等。基于此,提出后续帮扶措施:完善生态保护补偿机制、转化低保人口、做好后续帮扶与乡村振兴有效衔接工作、提升城镇化与就业能力、建设大数据平台及强化党建引领。

The effective advancement of post-relocation support work is of significant importance for consolidating the poverty alleviation achievements in Qinghai Province,and promoting ecological protection and construction in the Sanjiangyuan area.By utilizing the relocation data from the 8 prefectures and cities of Qinghai Province and employing statistical descriptive methods,this study focuses on the effects,challenges,and support measures related to relocation.Through rigorous analysis,the following conclusions have been reached:Through relocation,Qinghai Province has improved people’s living standards,diversified agricultural production,employment and income,made life and employment more convenient,strengthened social security,and significantly improved the ecological environment.However,there are also risks and challenges,such as the large financial responsibility,difficulty in ensuring sustainable livelihoods,significant social governance issues,and the complexity of subsequent management.Based on these findings,the following post-relocation support measures are proposed:improving the ecological protection compensation mechanism,transforming the population on subsistence allowances,effectively connecting follow-up support with rural revitalization,enhancing urbanization and employment capacity,building a big data platform,and strengthening the leadership role of the Party.