从分散到贯通:中国环保公权力监督体系的优化方向

From Fragmentation to Coherence:the Optimization of the Supervision System of the Party and State in Environmental Governance in China

国家治理体系和治理能力现代化要求强化公权力监督体系的效能监督功能。我国环保公权力监督体系的历史演进具有各项监督制度独立形成、分散发展的特点,这一模式虽然有利于降低试验风险,提高灵活性,但却造成了监督体系的碎片化,导致监督体系效能的减损。当前环保公权力监督体系面临政治监督与专业监督的疏离与混同、监督体系的纵向断裂和横向纠结等问题。应当用中国共产党全面领导下国家治理现代化的历史眼光看待环保公权力监督体系贯通机制的必要性和路径选择。环保公权力监督体系的贯通是一种差序化贯通,应以党内监督为其主导力量和核心枢纽。通过政治监督与专业监督的有机融合,实现权威问责与技术治理的兼容。此外,还应注意中央环保督察制度在环保公权力监督体系中的特殊定位。

The modernization of national system and capacity for governance calls for the enhancement of the function of the supervision system of the Party and state on governance efficiency supervision.From a historical perspective,the various institutions within the supervision system in environmental governance have developed separately and independently,which is conducive to reducing risks and improving flexibility.However,there exist the problems such as the confusion between political supervision and professional supervision,the vertical and horizontal conflicts among different supervision institutions,etc,leading to the fragmentation of the system and the impairment of the supervision efficiency.The necessity and the path choice of the coherence mechanism on the supervision system of the Party and state in environmental governance should be considered in the framework of the modernization of national governance under the overall leadership of the Communist Party of China.Therefore,the innerParty supervision should be put on the core position as the leading force,with higher weights than other institutions.The rational integration of the political supervision and professional supervision is an effective way to realize the compatibility of authority accountability and technology governance.In addition,special attention should be paid to the institution of the Inspection on ecological and environmental protection in the process of establishing the coherence mechanism on the supervision system in environmental governance.