自然空间何以支持儿童发展?——基于国外研究的系统性文献综述

How Natural Space Can Support Children’s Development—A Systematic Literature Review Based on Foreign Studies

文章利用系统性文献综述法对相关研究进行分析发现:自然空间支持儿童发展的研究主题呈多样化态势,包括儿童教育、儿童健康、自然感知及童年生活四个方面,但对不同文化背景、经济地位、人口流动等影响儿童与自然空间的探索性研究相对缺乏;研究样本横跨0—18岁的儿童,且以12岁儿童研究居多,纵向研究较少,基于特定条件及编码标准量表分析工具与技术的质性化和跨学科融合。基于此,应考虑儿童与自然连通方式的复杂性,为不同群体儿童提供安全、多元的自然空间;合理制定相关政策和城市规划,建立儿童正式和非正式学习融合的自然友好生态社区;整合教育资源,打造促进未来可持续发展的学校与家庭的一体化自然教育。

Using a systematic literature review method,the article has analysed relevant research and found that there is a di-versified trend in the research themes of natural space supporting children’s development,including four aspects of children’s ed-ucation,children’s health,nature perception and childhood life,but there is relatively a lack of exploratory research on different cultural backgrounds,economic status,population mobility and other factors that may affect children’s relationship with natural space.The research subjects ranged from new-born babies of 0 years old to the teenagers of 18 years old,with a majority in 12-year-old children and with fewer longitudinal studies,this study focused on qualitative and interdisciplinary integration of analyti-cal tools and techniques based on condition-specific and coded standardized scales.Based on this,it is important to consider the complexity of the ways in which children are connected with nature and to provide safe and diversified natural space for different groups of children,to rationally formulate relevant policies and urban planning to establish nature-friendly eco-communities that integrate children’s formal and informal learning,and to integrate educational resources to create an integrated school-family nat-ural education that can promote sustainable development in the future.