不同生育类型南方香型粳稻品种产量与品质特征分析

Yield and quality analysis of different southern fragrant Japonica rice varieties with different growth types

广泛收集我国南方香型粳稻品种,对其产量与品质进行系统研究,比较3种类型香型粳稻各指标差异,筛选适宜我国南方不同生态区种植的高产优质浓香型粳稻品种。结果表明:中熟中粳、迟熟中粳、早熟晚粳南方香型粳稻品种的产量分别为8.07、9.78、9.89 t·hm^(-2);上述3种生育类型南方香型粳稻品种的整精米率分别为49.11%、56.19%、60.20%,垩白度分别为13.01%、17.90%、17.47%,食味值分别为62.26、75.07、78.84,香味物质主成分2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)含量分别为105.73、123.63、177.78 ng·g^(-1)。早熟晚粳与迟熟中粳香型粳稻产量、整精米率、食味值显著高于中熟中粳稻;而中熟中粳香型粳稻垩白度显著低于早熟晚粳与迟熟中粳;早熟晚粳香型粳稻2-AP含量最高,迟熟中粳次之,中熟中粳最低。以产量、食味值、2-AP含量为核心指标,采用K-Mean聚类分析我国南方香型粳稻产量、食味值、2-AP含量的品种间差异,确定产量9.96 t·hm^(-2)、食味值82.00、2-AP含量193.25 ng·g^(-1)为判定南方高产、优质、浓香型粳稻品种的指标。据此指标,中熟中粳品种苏香粳3号、武育0155、武育粳195等,迟熟中粳品种金香玉1号、武育粳366、南粳9108等,早熟晚粳品种南粳46、宁香粳9号、浙香禾2号等品种产量较高,品质较优,香气较浓,综合表现较好,适宜在我国南方粳稻区相应生态区推广种植。

In order to select high-yielding,high-quality,and aromatic rice varieties suitable for cultivation in different ecological regions in southern China,this study exatensively collected a variety of fragrant Japonica rice varieties cultivated in southern China and systematically investigated and compared their yield and quality among different types of fragrant Japonica rice.The results indicated that the yields of southern fragrant Japonica rice varieties with medium-maturing medium Japonica fragrant rice(MMMJ),late-maturing medium Japonica fragrant rice(LMMJ) and early-maturing late Japonica fragrant rice(EMLJ) were 8.07,9.78,and 9.89 t·hm^(-2),respectively.The head milled rice rates of the three growth types of southern fragrant Japonica rice varieties mentioned above were 49.11%,56.19%,and 60.20%,respectively.The chalkiness were 13.01%,17.90%,and 17.47%,respectively;The taste values were 62.26,75.07,and 78.84,respectively.The main component 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP) content of the aroma substance was 105.73,123.63,and 177.78 ng·g^(-1),respectively.The yield,head milled rice rate,and taste value of EMLJ and LMMJ were significantly higher than those of MMMJ.The chalkiness of MMMJ was significantly lower than that of EMLJ and LMMJ.The 2-AP content was highest in EMLJ,followed by LMMJ,and MMMJ.Using yield,taste value,and 2-AP content as core indicators,K-Mean clustering analysis was used to analyze the differences in yield,taste value,and 2-AP content among varieties of southern fragrant Japonica rice in China.The yield was 9.96 t·hm^(-2),taste value was 82.00,and 2-AP content was 193.25 ng·g^(-1),which was determined as the indicator basis for judging high-yield,high-quality,and strong aroma southern fragrant Japonica rice varieties.Therefore,referring to the above indicators,the MMMJ varieties Suxiangjing 3,Wuyu 0155,Wuyujing 195,etc.,the LMMJ varieties Jinxiangyu 1,Wuyujing 366,Nanjing 9108,etc.,and the EMLJ varieties Nanjing 46,Ningxiangjing 9,Zhexianghe 2,etc.,were determined to have higher yields,better quality,stronger aroma,and better overall performance.They were suitable for promotion and planting in corresponding ecological areas of southern Japonica rice regions in China.