想象的地方:废名1940年代乡土小说创作之转向

An Imaginary Place:the Transformation of Fei Ming's Writing Style in the 1940s

废名小说《莫须有先生坐飞机以后》以武汉会战为背景,在对中国战地社会状况的在场性叙述中,体现出作者因战争生态而产生的文学话语和思想立场转向。地方形象建构上,小说空间场域从“乡土黄梅”衍变到了“乡土中国”;叙述视角上,叙事者的身份境遇从“异乡客”过渡到了“跑反者”。废名书写主体的重建不仅意味着一个读书人在道路困惑与时代焦虑面前做出的自我审视和调整,其中还楔入了重造民族精神的思想命题,反映着他对民族国家建构的政治思考。整部小说不失为现代知识分子受救世情怀主导而形成的政治想象。

Fei Ming's novel After Mr.Maybe Flew in an Aeroplane focuses on social phenomena of wartime China.It marks a dramatic shift in the author’s ideological belief and the stylistic characteristics of his works.In terms of local image construction,the spatial field of the novel has evolved from"Huangmei County"to"Rural China";in terms of narrative perspective,the narrator's identity and circumstances have transitioned from being a"stranger"to a"returnee".The novel is inspired by the scholar's self-examination and adjustment in the face of confusion and anxiety,and involves his political thoughts on the renaissance of national spirit and China’s reconstruction.The whole novel is a political imagination of modern intellectuals motivated by their salvation sentiment.