492例心包积液临床特征和病因分析

Clinical characteristics and etiological analysis of 492 in-patients with pericardial effusion

目的回顾性分析不同年龄段心包积液患者病因分布特点,为临床前期诊断提供参考。方法收集2021年1月至2022年5月住院且符合心包积液诊断标准的492例患者临床资料,按年龄分为青少年组(≤29岁)、中年组(30~59岁)、老年组(≥60岁),对比分析不同年龄组病因构成情况。结果前五位的病因依次为肺部感染(22.56%)、肺癌(11.79%)、肾脏疾病(7.32%)、系统性红斑狼疮(6.30%)、心力衰竭(4.27%)。首要原因中,青少年组(≤29岁)是自身免疫性疾病,中年组(30~59岁)是肿瘤性疾病,老年组(≥60岁)为感染性疾病。结论引起心包积液的首要病因中,青少年为自身免疫性疾病,中年人为恶性肿瘤,而老年人为感染性疾病。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the distribution characteristics of etiology in patients with pericardial effusion of different age groups,so as to provide reference for preclinical diagnosis.Methods The clinical data of 492 hospitalized patients who met diagnostic criteria for pericardial effusion from January 2021 to May 2022 were collected,and patients were divided into adolescent group(≤29 years old),middle-aged group(30–59 years old),and senior group(≥60 years old)according to age.And the composition of etiology in different age groups was compared and analyzed.Results The top five etiologies were pulmonary infections(22.56%),lung cancer(11.79%),renal disease(7.32%),systemic lupus erythematosus(6.30%),and heart failure(4.27%).Among the primary causes,the adolescent group(≤29 years old)was autoimmune disease,the middle-aged group(30–59 years old)was tumor disease,and the senior group(≥60 years old)was infectious disease.Conclusion Among the primary causes of pericardial effusion,adolescents are autoimmune diseases,middle-aged people are malignant tumors,and the elderly are infectious diseases.