建筑工程电力电缆防灭火安全技术综述

Overview of Fire Protection and Extinguishing Safety Technologies for Power Cables During Engineering Construction

电线电缆着火引起的电力系统火灾事故超过了电气火灾事故的半数,因此研究分析电线电缆的着火原因并提出防灭火措施很有必要。通过对电缆发生火灾原因的分析,总结出电缆燃烧是由自燃和外部火源引燃所引发的。通过燃烧性能分析,得出在橡胶护套电缆、聚氯乙烯护套电缆和交联聚烯烃护套电缆这三种电缆中,以交联聚烯烃护套电缆燃烧产生的有毒有害物质最少,相比其他电线电缆较为安全,据此提出了电缆的选用和防灭火措施,同时针对电缆的运行与维护提出了多项建议,以期为电缆设计、施工、运行和维护提供参考。

As the power system fire accidents caused by fires in wires and cables are beyond the half of the electrical fire accidents,it is necessary to study and analyze the causes of fires in wires and cables and put forward fire prevention and distinguishing measures.By analysis of the causes of cable fires,it is concluded that cable combustion is caused by either spontaneous combustion or external fire ignition.Based on combustion performance analysis,it shows that,in the three types of cables including rubber sheath cable,PVC sheath cable and polyolefin sheath cable,the toxic and harmful substances produced by the combustion of cross-linked polyolefin sheath cables are least and relatively safe in contrast to the other two types,according to which the cable selection,fire prevention and distinguishing measures are put forward as well as multiple suggestions for the operation and maintenance of cables,offering reference for cable design,construction,operation and maintenance.