江西省抚州市某高校青春期多囊卵巢综合征患病情况及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors analysis of the polycystic ovary syndrome among female college students in Fuzhou City,Jiangxi Province

【目的】了解江西省抚州市某高校女大学生青春期多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的患病率,帮助PCOS的早发现和早干预。【方法】采用分层抽样方法,随机抽取一年级女大学生共450名进行PCOS筛查。采用问卷调查方式,自行设计问卷调查表,调查内容包括月经状况、高雄激素体征、生活方式和饮食习惯以及对PCOS疾病认知情况等。采用独立样本t检验和χ2检验比较PCOS和非PCOS基本情况和饮食生活习惯,并通过多因素logistic回归模型分析各项指标与PCOS患病之间的相关性。【结果】共筛查出PCOS患者12例,患病率为2.99%,PCOS病例与非PCOS病例腰臀比指数、腰围、腹型肥胖、爱吃甜食及超重或肥胖者的比例均高于非PCOS病例,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析表明,爱吃甜食与PCOS的发生具有显著相关性(OR=4.858,95%CI为1.199~19.675,P=0.027)并与PCOS伴腹型肥胖显著相关(OR=7.083,95%CI为0.773~64.937,P=0.048)。青春期女大学生群体对PCOS的疾病认知情况显示,37.90%从未听说过PCOS,51.62%仅听说过PCOS疾病名称,10.47%的女大学生尝试检索过PCOS相关内容。【结论】青春期女大学生PCOS的患病情况不容忽视,不良饮食方式可能是导致青春期PCOS发生的重要因素,早期筛查青春期PCOS显得十分重要。

[Objective]To investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)among female college students at a university in Fuzhou City,Jiangxi Province,and to facilitate early detection and intervention of PCOS.[Methods]Using a stratified sampling method,a total of 450 female freshmen were randomly selected for PCOS screening.A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection,covering menstrual status,high androgen signs,lifestyle,dietary habits,and awareness of PCOS.Sample t test andχ2 test were used to compare the basic information and dietary habits between PCOS and non-PCOS cases.The correlation between various indicators and the prevalence of PCOS was analyzed by a logistic regression model.[Results]A total of 12 PCOS cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 2.99%.PCOS cases exhibited statistically significant differences compared to non-PCOS cases in terms of waist-to-hip ratio,waist circumference,abdominal obesity,the proportion of overweight or obese individuals,and a preference for sweet food(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preference for sweet food and the occurrence of PCOS(OR=4.858,95%CI=1.199‒19.675,P=0.027),as well as a significant correlation with PCOS accompanied by abdominal obesity(OR=7.083,95%CI=0.773‒64.937,P=0.048).Among the female college students surveyed,37.90%had never heard of PCOS,51.62%were only familiar with the name of the disease,and 10.47%had attempted to search for PCOS-related information.[Conclusion]The prevalence of PCOS among female college students should not be overlooked and unhealthy dietary habits may be a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence of PCOS during this period.Early screening for PCOS during puberty is crucial.