考虑中断风险的电子信息制造企业采购合同设计

Procurement Contract Design for Electronic Information Manufacturing Enterprises Considering Interruption Risks

为降低上游的供应中断对电子信息制造企业生产运作及供应链绩效的影响,运用信息甄别模型,针对由多家供应商与一家电子信息制造企业组成的二级供应链,在信息不对称的情况下,综合考虑可能存在的中断风险以及供应商努力水平投入,设计了较贴近现实情形的采购合同。研究结果表明,考虑中断风险的采购合同能够有效甄别供应商私有的应对中断风险能力类型信息,更灵活地适应不同的供应链环境和市场条件,从而更好地实现优先选择应对中断风险能力更强的供应商;同时,当市场变动导致采购成本上升时,电子信息制造企业会适度降低采购价格,给予应对中断风险能力更强的供应商更多的生产补贴,从而使激励契约更加精准有效。

To mitigate the impact of supply disruptions on the production and supply chain performance of an electronic information manufacturing enterprise,a procurement contract aiming at a two-echelon supply chain which is composed of several suppliers and the electronic information manufacturing enterprise considering the presence of potential disruption risks and its suppliers’effort levels with information asymmetry is designed by employing the information screening model.The results indicate the procurement contract considering disruption risks can effectively discern private information about suppliers'service capabilities and accommodate to different supply chain environment and market conditions in a flexible manner,helping better prioritize the suppliers with stronger capabilities to handle disruption risks.Furthermore,the electronic information manufacturing enterprise will moderately reduce the procurement prices and provide additional production subsidies to its suppliers with stronger abilities to handle disruption risks when the procurement costs are increased by the market fluctuations.All these approaches thereby make the incentive contract more accurate and effective.