湖南省细菌耐药监测网2012—2021年葡萄球菌属细菌耐药性监测报告

Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp.:surveillance report from Hunan Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System,2012-2021

目的了解2012—2021年湖南省临床标本分离病原菌中葡萄球菌属的分布及耐药性,为临床抗菌药物合理应用,以及制定和评价抗菌药物临床应用管理政策提供科学依据。方法按照全国细菌耐药监测网(CRASS)技术方案,应用WHONET 5.6软件对2012—2021年湖南省细菌耐药监测网上报的葡萄球菌属耐药性进行分析。结果2012—2021年,葡萄球菌属中分离稳居前4位的细菌分别为金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌和人葡萄球菌。葡萄球菌属标本来源以痰、血、分泌物、伤口脓液和尿为主,其中痰标本占25.4%~31.8%,血标本占21.9%~27.8%。在所有临床分离的细菌中,葡萄球菌属占比为15.5%~22.4%,呈现缓慢下降的趋势。10年来,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率有所下降,从35.1%下降至24.8%,同时耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)检出率有所上升,但是仍保持在70%以内。葡萄球菌属细菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁和利奈唑胺的敏感率为100%。结论湖南省临床分离葡萄球菌属细菌中,MRSA检出率有所下降,未发现对万古霉素、替考拉宁和利奈唑胺耐药的葡萄球菌属细菌。应继续加强抗菌药物合理应用的管理及医院感染防控,做好细菌耐药监测工作。

Objective To understand the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp.isolated from clinical specimens in Hunan Province from 2012 to 2021,provide scientific basis for rational clinical antimicrobial use as well as the formulation and evaluation of management policies for clinical antimicrobial use.Methods According to China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System(CARSS)technical scheme,antimicrobial resis-tance of Staphylococcus spp.reported by Hunan Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in 2012-2021 was analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software.Results From 2012 to 2021,the top 4 isolated Staphylococcus were Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis.Staphylococcus spp.were mainly isolated from specimens of sputum,blood,secretion,wound pus,and urine.Sputum and blood specimens accounting for 25.4%-31.8%and 21.9%-27.8%,respectively.Among all clinica-lly isolated bacteria,Staphylococcus spp.accounted for 15.5%-22.4%,showing a slowly downward trend.In the past 10 years,detection rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)decreased from 35.1%to 24.8%,while detection rates of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS)increased,but were lower than 70%.Susceptibility rates of Staphylococcus spp.to vancomycin,teicolanin and linezolid were 100%.Conclusion Among clinically isolated Staphylococcus spp.in Hunan Province,the detection rate of MRSA has decreased.Vancomycin-,teicoplanin-and linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus spp.were not found.Management of rational use of antimicrobial agents as well as prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection should be strengthened continuously,and antimicrobial resistance surveillance should be conducted well.