从隐喻到场域:“数字守门人”的反思与重构

From Metaphor to Field:Reflection and Reconstruction of the“Digital Gatekeeper”

“数字守门人”正成为平台治理领域的热门话语。与传统守门人的“单向寻路”不同,数字守门人蕴含着复杂的关系导向。在将守门人隐喻迁移到平台治理领域时,需要重新处理复杂生态与多边市场下所指与能指的问题。场域理论中的关系性治理倾向、共时态与历时态相交融的自主性视角能进一步厘清数字守门人的内涵、范畴与可操作性。反思理性下的程序主义补正可以消解复杂主体间的对立,将反复交涉制度化;关系视角下的平台公正理念,有助于矫正不充分的“合意”;阶梯式、高精确度的监管创新能缓解平台治理中力量与竞争不平衡的问题。

The term"Digital Gatekeeper"is becoming a hot topic in the realm of platform governance.Unlike the traditional gatekeeper's"unidirectional pathfinding",digital gatekeepers encompass a complex,relationship-oriented approach.In transferring the gatekeeper metaphor to platform governance,it is necessary to readdress the issues of the signified and the signifier within complex ecosystems and multilateral markets.The relational governance tendency in field theory,along with the intermingling perspectives of synchronic and diachronic autonomy,can further clarify the connotations,categories,and operability of digital gatekeepers.Reflective rationality under proceduralism can dissolve oppositions between complex agents and institutionalize repeated negotiations;a relational perspective on the concept of platform fairness can help correct insufficient"consensus";tiered,high-precision regulatory innovations can mitigate issues of power and competitive imbalance in platform governance.