侵犯公民个人信息罪的法益甄别:信息安全信赖利益的提倡

Identification of legal interests of the crime of infringing citizens′personal information:advocacy of trust interests of information security

侵犯公民个人信息罪的法益界定存在分歧,缺乏对法益基础理论的统摄,并对个人信息法价值倾向判断失衡。个人信息的多维价值和人身依附性特征,决定了侵犯公民个人信息罪的法益应当是信息安全信赖利益。信息安全信赖利益的存在形态为“利益的状态”,而个人信息分类、分级保护的立法模式为其提供规范确证。在此基础上,应依托信息安全信赖利益进行规范违反确认和法益侵害判断,以便廓清侵犯公民个人信息行为罪与非罪的处罚边界。

The main reason for the ambiguous definition of the legal benefit of the crime of infringing on citizens′personal information is the lack of theories on the basis of the legal benefit and the imbalance in the judgment of the value tendency of the personal information law.The characteristics of"multi-dimensional value orientation"and"personal dependence"of personal information determine that the legal interests of the crime of infringing citizens′personal information should be the trust interests of information security.Information security reliance interests exist in the form of a"state of interests",and the legislative model of categorization and hierarchical protection of personal information provides normative evidence of this.On this basis,it is recommended that normative violations should be recognized and legal infringement should be judged on the basis of information security reliance interests,in order to clarify the boundary between criminal and non-criminal penalties for infringement of citizens′personal information.