高粱秸秆栽培大球盖菇的品质、产量与优势分析

Analysis of quality,yield and advantages of Stropharia rugosoannulata cultivated with sorghum straw

以高粱秸秆和玉米芯为主要栽培基质原料栽培大球盖菇(Stropharia rugosoannulata),在大棚中比较不同高粱秸秆含量基质中的营养成分,及不同栽培料配比对大球盖菇子实体营养成分和产量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,高粱秸秆代替玉米芯配方基质中木质素、纤维素、还原糖占比最高分别提升11.94%、12.55%、3.88%。较高含量的木质素、纤维素和还原糖基质有利于大球盖菇的生长和发挥大球盖菇分解木质素的优势;与对照相比,高粱秸秆培养大球盖菇子实体中脂肪和还原糖占比最高分别提升1.28%和1.39%;当高粱秸秆添加量达到49%时,基质中木质素和还原糖含量占比分别提升6.36%和1.44%,子实体中多糖含量无显著变化,脂肪和还原糖含量占比分别提升0.61%和0.89%,初潮菇产量增加0.85 kg。因此,添加49%含量高粱秸秆为大棚培养大球盖菇的最佳添加量。

Using sorghum straw and corn cob as the main cultivation substrate raw materials to cultivate Stropharia rugosoannulata,the nutritional components of different sorghum straw content substrates and the effects of different culti-vation material ratio on the nutritional components and yield of the fruiting body were compared in the greenhouse.The results showed that compared with the control,the proportion of lignin,cellulose and reducing sugar in the matrix of sor-ghum straw replacing corn cob formula increased by 11.94%,12.55%,and 3.88%,respectively.The higher content of lignin,cellulose,and reducing sugar matrix is beneficial for the growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata and the utilization of its advantages in decomposing lignin.Compared with the control,the proportion of fat and reducing sugar in the fruiting body of Stropharia rugosoannulata cultivated with sorghum straw increased by 1.28%and 1.39%,respectively.When the amount of sorghum straw added reached 49%,the proportion of lignin and reducing sugar in the substrate increased by 6.36%and 1.44%,respectively.The polysaccharide content in the fruiting body showed no significant change,while the proportions of fat and reducing sugar content increased by 0.61%and 0.89%,respectively,and the yield of the first batch of mushrooms increased by 0.85 kg.Therefore,adding 49%sorghum straw is the optimum amount for greenhouse cultivation of Stropharia rugosoannulata.