西藏地区水稻病毒病及其病原初步调查与分析

Preliminary investigation and analysis of rice virus diseases and their pathogens in Tibet

西藏自治区的低海拔地区察隅县和墨脱县分布着多种农作物植区,其中水稻是主要的育种作物之一。水稻病毒的存在严重威胁着水稻产量。因此,系统、科学、准确地掌握西藏地区水稻病毒病的种类和发生状况是必要的。本研究首次从西藏自治区林芝市察隅县和墨脱县采集疑似病毒感染的水稻样本,通过RT-PCR方法分析西藏地区水稻病毒种类。实验结果显示,西藏地区的水稻病毒主要有6种,分别是水稻矮缩病毒(RDV)、水稻条纹叶枯病毒(RSV)、水稻白叶枯病毒(RHBV)、水稻坏死花叶病毒(RNMV)、水稻锯齿叶矮缩病毒(RRSV)和南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(SRBSDV),其中RDV检出率最高,遍布最广,危害也最严重,在部分田块甚至造成绝收。研究结果首次对西藏地区的水稻病毒病的感染有了初步的认识,为将来进一步探究该地区水稻病毒病的发生和防治、提高水稻产量打下了坚实基础。

There are a variety of crop planting areas in Chayu County and Medog County in the low-altitude areas of Tibet Autonomous Region,among which rice is one of the main breeding crops.The existence of rice virus seriously threatens rice yield,so it is necessary to systematically,scientifically and accurately grasp the types and occurrence of rice virus diseases in Tibet.In this study,rice samples suspected of virus infection were collected from Chayu County and Me-dog County of Nyingchi City,Tibet Autonomous Region for the first time,and rice virus species in Tibet were analyzed by RT-PCR.The experimental results showed that there were mainly six kinds of rice viruses in Tibet,namely rice dwarf virus(RDV),rice stripe virus(RSV),rice hoja blanca virus(RHBV),rice necrosis mosaic virus(RNMV),rice ragged stunt virus(RRSV),and southern rice black streaked dwarf virus(SRBSDV).Among them,RDV had the high-est detection rate,the widest spread,and the most serious harm,even causing crop failure in some fields.The results of this survey give us a preliminary understanding of the infection of rice virus diseases in Tibet,and lay a solid foundation for further exploring the occurrence and control of rice virus diseases in the region and improving rice yield in the future.