多重数字鸿沟与家庭收入差距:理论与经验证据

Multiple Digital Divides and Household Income Disparities:Theoretical Framework and Empirical Evidence

研究数字鸿沟如何影响数字经济发展中的益贫性和包容性,是推动共同富裕过程中的重大问题。文章基于CHFS的家庭微观面板数据,将数字鸿沟区分为接入鸿沟、使用鸿沟和能力鸿沟,分析了数字鸿沟与家庭收入差距之间的关系。研究发现:多重数字鸿沟的存在对家庭收入差距有不利影响,仅消弭接入鸿沟和使用鸿沟不足以保证家庭收入差距得到缩小,只有进一步解决能力鸿沟,才能有效缩小家庭收入差距。因此,需要持续推进数字基础设施建设和数字技术普及,构建家庭数字使用场景和长效化保障机制,并警惕数字经济对传统特征差异扩大化而产生的诸如能力鸿沟等不利影响因素,推进全体人民共享数字经济发展红利,助力实现共同富裕。

How the digital divide influences poverty reduction and inclusiveness in the development of the digital economy is a major issue to be addressed in the process of achieving common prosperity.With the household micro-panel data from the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS),this study distinguished the digital divides into the access divide,utilization divide,and capability divide,and investigated the relationship between digital divides and household income disparities.The results showed that the existence of multiple digital divides had a negative impact on the household income disparities.Eliminating only the access and utilization divides was insufficient to alleviate the household income disparities.Only by further addressing the capability divide can the household income disparities be solved.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the building of digital infrastructures and the popularization of digital technologies,establish family digital use scenarios and long-term guarantee mechanism,and be vigilant against adverse factors such as the capability divide caused by the expansion of differences in conventional characteristics that is brought about by the digital economy.These measures will promote all people to share the development dividends of the digital era and help achieve common prosperity in high-quality development.