微种植体支抗在青少年口腔正畸治疗中的疗效及对患者咀嚼功能和咬合力的影响

Effect of Microimplant Anchorage in Orthodontic Treatment of Adolescents and Its Effect on Masticatory Function and Bite Force

目的:探讨微种植体支抗在青少年口腔正畸治疗中的疗效,以及对患者咀嚼功能及咬合力的影响。方法:选取2018年1月-2021年1月笔者医院收治的68例行口腔正畸的青少年患者纳入研究,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各34例。对照组患者采用传统正畸口外弓支抗,观察组患者采用微种植体支抗,两组矫治周期为18个月。比较两组疗效、正畸效果(两组磨牙移位、上中切牙凸距差以及上中切牙倾角差)、咀嚼效率及咬合力,采用自制满意度调查问卷评估两组满意度。结果:观察组治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组磨牙移位距离小于对照组,而上中切牙凸距差、上中切牙倾角差均大于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组咀嚼效率以及咬合力均提高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组外形、舒适度、咬合功能和便捷性等满意度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:青少年口腔正畸治疗采用微种植体支抗正畸效果显著,可有效提高咀嚼功能、增大咬合力,患者满意度较高。

Objective To investigate the effects of implant anchorage on masticatory function and occlusal force in adolescents.Methods 68 adolescent orthodontic patients admitted to the author's hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were included in the study.They were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 34 cases each.The patients in the control group were treated with traditional orthodontic extraoral arch anchorage,and the patients in the observation group were treated with implant anchorage nails.The treatment period of the two groups was 18 months.The therapeutic effect,orthodontic effect(molar displacement,upper central incisor Angle difference and upper central incisor Angle difference between the two groups),masticatory efficiency and biting force of the two groups were compared,and the satisfaction of the two groups was evaluated by self-designed satisfaction questionnaire.Results The effective rate of observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).The distance of molar displacement in the observation group was less than that in the control group,while the difference of convexity and inclination angle of upper central incisors in the observation group was greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the masticatory efficiency and occlusal force of the two groups were improved,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).The scores of appearance,comfort,occlusal function and convenience in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Adolescent orthodontic treatment with implant anchorage nail orthodontic effect is significant,can effectively improve the masticatory function,increase occlusal cases,patient satisfaction is high.