基于ATP-EMTP仿真的风电机组电涌特征与防护

Surge Characteristics and Protection for Wind Turbines Based on ATP-EMTP Simulation

雷击叶片产生的电涌会对风力发电机的电气系统造成冲击,当使用标准的限压型电涌保护器(SPD)存在不稳定的PWM波,或由于长缆效应等形成电压波动影响位置,其频繁出现的重复暂时(瞬态)过电压而导致SPD寿命急剧降低。为此,建立以MW级风力发电机为仿真模型,分析了雷击风机叶片情形下在风机电气系统变流器位置出现的预期电涌特征,并基于ATP-EMTP的仿真对比分析传统限压型SPD选型方案和优化后选型方案在谐波振荡条件下的动作特性,论证了优化方案在重复瞬态下实现精细保护和优化SPD耐受能力的可行性。

The surge generated by lightning strike blade will impact the electrical system of wind turbine.When the traditional voltage limiting surge protector(SPD) is used in PWM wave instability and long cable effect,the frequent repeated temporary overvoltage will lead to the phenomenon of sharp reduction in the life of SPD.Therefore,the MW level wind turbine is used as the simulation model to analyze the expected surge characteristics at the converter position of the fan electrical system under the condition of lightning strike fan blade.Based on ATP-EMTP simulation,the operation characteristics of the traditional voltage limited SPD selection scheme and the optimized selection scheme under the condition of harmonic oscillation are verified and compared.It demonstrates the feasibility of the optimization scheme to achieve fine protection and higher tolerance under repeated transients.