数字普惠金融对乡村振兴的影响效应与机制分析

Impact and Mechanisms of Digital Inclusive Finance on Rural Revitalization

金融助农是破解我国“三农”问题的“金钥匙”。文章选取2012—2020年我国30个省的面板数据,从产业兴旺、生态宜居、生活富裕、乡风文明、治理有效五个方面构建乡村振兴评价指标体系,对数字普惠金融助推乡村振兴的可能路径进行了理论分析和实证检验。结果显示:(1)数字普惠金融的发展能显著提升乡村振兴水平,且这种提升作用在我国中西部乡村更为明显,拆分数字普惠金融指数进行分项回归发现,数字化程度对中西部乡村的促进作用更为显著、使用深度次之;(2)数字普惠金融能通过“推动产业融合、促进科技创新”途径来提升乡村振兴水平;(3)农村互联网普及程度的提升能显著强化数字普惠金融对乡村振兴的促进作用。鉴于此,本文提出应加快数字普惠金融发展进程以下沉惠农性质金融服务,营造良好的产业融合和科技创新环境以激发乡村发展的内生动力,完善数字普惠金融的基础设施建设、加速推进“宽带中国”和“互联网+”战略为乡村振兴增势赋能。

Finance boosting rural revitalization is the golden key to resolving the issues relating to agriculture,rural areas and farmers.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces,this paper constructs an evaluation index system for rural revitalization from thriving businesses,pleasant living environments,social etiquette and civility,effective governance and prosperity,and makes theoretical analysis and empirical test on the possible paths of digital inclusive finance boosting rural revitalization.The results show that:(1)the development of digital inclusive finance can significantly improve the rural revitalization,which is more obvious in the rural areas of central and western China.By dividing the digital inclusive finance index,it is found that the degree of digitalization has the most significant promotion effect on rural areas in central and western China,followed by the depth of use;(2)digital inclusive finance can improve the rural revitalization by"promoting industrial integration and scientific and technological innovation";(3)the promotion of rural internet popularization can significantly strengthen rural revitalization by digital inclusive finance.In view of this,this paper puts forward that we should speed up the development of digital inclusive finance to shift financial services that benefit the farmers downwards,create a good environment for industrial integration and technological innovation to stimulate the endogenous power of rural development,improve the infrastructure construction of digital inclusive finance,and accelerate the promotion of"Broadband China"and"Internet Plus"strategies for rural revitalization.