全国209家医院外来医疗器械及植入物使用后再清洗消毒管理现状及影响因素分析

Investigation on cleaning,disinfection and management of loaned medical devices and implants after use in 209 hospitals in China and their influencing factors

目的 调查全国医院外来医疗器械及植入物使用后再清洗消毒管理状况,为其规范管理提供依据。方法 采用自制问卷调查2022年3—6月国内209家医院外来医疗器械及植入物使用后再清洗消毒状况,并分析其影响因素。结果 共发放问卷215份,问卷有效回收率97.21%。209家医院中,79.4%对使用后外来医疗器械及植入物全部进行再清洗消毒,40.7%由消毒供应中心进行再清洗消毒,58.9%设置再清洗消毒专岗,63.2%采用全程追溯。与使用前清洗消毒管理状况相比,不同级别医院使用后再清洗消毒管理皆不够规范(均P<0.05)。结论 各级医院外来医疗器械及植入物使用后再清洗消毒管理皆不够规范,存在制度规程不健全、器械处理不规范、信息化不全面、人员安排不合理等问题,医院各部门应积极采取针对性措施加以完善。

Objective To investigate the cleaning,disinfection and management of loaned medical instruments and implants in hospitals of nationwide,so as to provide a basis for standardized management.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the cleaning,disinfection and management of loaned medical instruments and implants after use in 209 hospitals in China from March to June 2022,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results A total of 215 questionnaires were distributed,and the effective response rate was 97.21%.Among the 209 hospitals,79.4%of hospitals cleaned and disinfected all the instruments and implants after using,and 40.7%of hospitals cleaned and disinfected instruments by central sterile supply department.58.9%of hospitals set up special posts in the process,and full traceability was realized in 63.2%hospitals.Compared to the cleaning,disinfection and management of loaned medical devices and implants before use,various levels of hospitals did not perform enough after their use.Conclusion The cleaning,disinfection and management of loaned medical instruments and implants after use in hospitals at all levels are not standardized,and there are issues such as incomplete systems and regulations,non-standard instruments treatment,incomplete information,and unreasonable personnel arrangements.All departments of the hospital should actively take targeted measures for improvement.