感染病房负压水平对物体表面新型冠状病毒核酸污染影响的调查

Investigation on the influence of negative pressure level in infection ward on SARA-CoV-2 nucleic acid contamination on object surface

目的 了解新型冠状病毒感染病房不同负压水平对物体表面该病毒核酸污染的影响。方法 选取某医疗机构新型冠状病毒感染负压病房作为调查对象,检测病房内外气压差,对病房内的床扶栏、地板、水槽和马桶等表面进行新冠病毒核酸采样,并检测病毒核酸污染情况。结果 2个层楼的感染病房负压差分别为(20.96±0.57)和(6.49±0.90)Pa(t=113.348,P<0.001),均符合GB/T 35428—2017要求(负压差≥5 Pa);相应层楼阳性样本检出率分别为16.41%和16.97%(χ^(2)=0.020,P=0.887)。低负压病房起居室内阳性样本检出率为23.23%,高于洗手间阳性样本检出率(7.58%)(χ^(2)=6.889,P=0.009);高负压病房两区域检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。低负压病房地面阳性样本检出率高于高负压病房(27.27%vs 7.69%;χ^(2)=4.934,P<0.05)。结论 负压差大小对感染病房内新型冠状病毒的污染整体分布影响不明显,低负压病房应注重洗手间的清洁消毒,尤其应加强地面的清洁消毒。

Objective To understand the influence of different negative pressure levels on the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid contamination on the surface of objects in infection ward.Methods The negative pressure ward infected with SARS-CoV-2 in a medical institution was selected as the investigation object,and the air pressure difference inside and outside the ward were detected.The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was sampled on the bed railing,floor,sink and toilet in the ward,and the viral nucleic acid pollution was detected.Results The negative pressure difference between the infection wards on two floors was(20.96±0.57)and(6.49±0.90)Pa(t=113.348,P<0.001),both of which met the requirements of GB/T 35428—2017(negative pressure difference≥5 Pa);The detection rates of positive samples on the corresponding floors were 16.41%and 16.97%,respectively(χ^(2)=0.020,P=0.887).The positive sample detection rate in the living room of the low negative pressure ward was 23.23%,which was higher than that in the restroom(7.58%)(χ^(2)=6.889,P=0.009);There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate between the two areas in the high negative pressure ward(P>0.05).The detection rate of ground positive samples in low negative pressure wards was higher than that in high negative pressure wards(27.27%vs 7.69%;χ^(2)=4.934,P<0.05).Conclusion The negative pressure difference has no obvious effect on the overall distribution of SARS-CoV-2 pollution in infection wards.The cleaning and disinfection of toilets,especially the floor,should be emphasized in low negative pressure wards.