自制输血相容性检测低值阳性质控品的方法学建立

Establishment of internal quality control methodology for blood transfusion compatibility testing

目的 通过自制低值阳性室内质控品监测输血相容性检测体系的有效性及准确性。方法 选择本院DAT(-)健康体检者红细胞,B/RhD(-)E(-)红细胞为1号管,按照血型抗原配伍原则选择A/RhD(+)E(+)为2号管配制血型质控品,加入红细胞保存液及相应ABO血型试剂抗体,使微柱凝胶法反定型凝集强度达到低值阳性(1+)。3、4号管分别使用血浆、血清、抗体稀释液、血浆和抗体稀释液等比混合、血清和抗体稀释液等比混合等5种不同保存介质配制意外抗体筛查质控品,3号管加入IgM抗-E,4号管加入IgG抗-D,使微柱凝胶法凝集强度均达到低值阳性(1+)。结果 对比5种不同保存介质,抗体稀释液保存介质对低值阳性抗体保存最稳定(F=11.35,P<0.05),AABB技术手册凝集强度1+赋值为5分,其得分为(5.25±1.75)分。结论 使用该自制低值阳性质控品,可提高监测体系的有效性、准确性和灵敏度,真正达到室内质控的目的,保障临床用血安全。

Objective To monitor the effectiveness and accuracy of the blood transfusion compatibility test system by self-made weakly positive internal quality control products.Methods Red blood cells from DAT(-)healthy subjects were selected,and B/RhD(-)E(-)red blood cells were selected as tube 1.A/RhD(+)E(+)was selected as tube 2 to prepare blood group quality control products according to the principle of blood group antigen compatibility,and red blood cell preservation solution and corresponding ABO blood group reagent antibody were added to make the anti-setting agglutination intensity of microcolumn gel method in reverse blood typing reach a low positive value(1+).Tube 3 and tube 4 were prepared with five different preservation media:plasma,serum,antibody diluent,mixture of equal plasma and antibody diluent,and mixture of equal serum and antibody diluent,respectively.IgM anti-E antibody was added to tube 3,and IgG anti-D antibody was added to tube 4,so that the agglutination intensity of microcolumn gel method reached a low positive value(1+).Results Comparison between the 5 different preservation media showed that the preservation medium of antibody diluent was the most stable for weakly positive antibody(F=11.35,P<0.05),Agglutination intensity 1+is assigned 5 points by AABB Technical Manual,and its score was 5.25±1.75 points.Conclusion The use of self-made weakly positive quality control products can improve the effectiveness,accuracy and sensitivity of the monitoring system,thus achieving internal quality control and ensuring the safety of clinical blood use.