γ-氨基丁酸调控动物采食活动的机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism ofγ-Aminobutyric Acid Regulating Animal Feeding Activity

采食量可影响动物生长性能和生产效率。γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)作为一种功能性氨基酸,具有抗氧化、抗炎、促进生长激素分泌等特性,并且可通过调控动物的采食活动增加采食量。GABA既可以在下丘脑中影响促采食因子(神经肽Y、刺鼠肽基因相关蛋白)或抑采食因子(前阿黑皮素原神经元)的分泌,产生饥饿感或饱腹感;也可以直接作用于胃肠组织,调节胃肠运动,以调节采食量。本文综述了GABA调控采食量的作用机制及GABA作为饲料添加剂在畜禽生产中的应用,以期为GABA的深入研究和在畜禽生产中的合理使用提供参考。

Feed intake affects animal growth performance and production efficiency.γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),as a functional amino acid,has antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and growth hormone secretion promoting properties,can increase food intake by regulating animal feeding activities.GABA affects the secretion of feeding promoting factors(neuropeptide Y,agouti gene-related protein)or feeding inhibiting factors(proopiomelanocortin neurons)in the hypothalamus to produce hunger or satiety;It can also directly act on gastrointestinal tissues to regulate gastrointestinal movement and regulate food intake.This article reviews the mechanism of GABA regulating feed intake and its application as a feed additive in livestock and poultry production,with the aim of providing reference for in-depth research on GABA and its rational use in livestock and poultry production.