三阴性乳腺癌肿瘤免疫抑制机制研究进展

Advances in research on tumor immune supprerssion mecechanisms in triple-negative breast cancer

三阴性乳腺癌是乳腺癌的一个分子亚型,具有分化差、侵袭性高、预后差等特点。因其缺少雌、孕激素受体和人表皮生长因子2受体,内分泌治疗、靶向治疗均对其无效,化疗是其主要治疗方案。为提高三阴性乳腺癌患者的生存期,免疫治疗作为新兴的治疗方法在三阴性乳腺癌中取得了显著进展,但长期获益尚不明确。这篇论文综合最新的研究成果,从免疫细胞、炎症信号通路和表观遗传因子对三阴性乳腺癌免疫抑制微环境的形成机制进行综述,为逆转免疫抑制的靶向治疗方法提供理论依据。

Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a molecular subtype of breast cancer characterized by poor differentiation,high invasiveness,and poor prognosis.Due to the lack of estrogen,progesterone receptors,and human ep-idermal growth factor receptor 2,endocrine therapy and targeted therapy are ineffective,and chemotherapy remains the main treatment option.In order to improve the survival of TNBC patients,immunotherapy,as an emerging treatment method,has made significant progress in TNBC,but long-term benefits are still unclear.This article comprehensively reviews the mechanisms of immune suppression microenvironment formation in TNBC from the perspectives of immune cells,inflamma-tory signaling pathways,and epigenetic factors,based on the latest research findings,providing a theoretical basis for targeted therapies to reverse immune suppression.