中美经贸摩擦新闻的修辞博弈话语分析

A Study of Rhetorical Discourse Games in News Editorials about Sino-US Trade Friction

研究采用修辞学理论与批评话语分析相结合的视角,以中美媒体针对《中美双边经贸磋商联合申明》各自发表的新闻评论为语料,运用定量研究、词频分析和文本细读等方法,从语言特征分析、解读与阐释、环境分析等三个维度对中美媒体在冲突修辞情境下建构的修辞策略实现方式及语言特点进行解读,揭示媒体修辞博弈的目的。研究发现:中国媒体侧重用“道”和“理”来打动受众,力图缓和中美修辞情境的冲突强度,反映出中国追求和解、稳定、共赢的深层诉求,而美国媒体更擅长在“情”和“势”上赢得主动权,着力夸大中美修辞情境的冲突强度,体现出美国追求竞争、变动、抗衡的本质诉求。研究透视了媒体话语的建构与博弈关系,为有效应对国外舆情,提升中国媒体的修辞能力做出启示。

Taking a mixed perspective of rhetoric theory and critical discourse analysis,and based on news editorials on the Joint Statement of the United States and China Regarding Trade Consultations published by Chinese and the US media,this research,by using quantitative study,word analysis,and text close reading method,illuminated the realization of rhetoric strategies and language characteristics in a conflict rhetoric situation about Sino-China trade friction and demonstrated the purpose of rhetorical discourse games around two countries'media's attitudes towards the political affair by taking a three-dimension analysis framework of language identification,interpretation and environmental explanation.As is shown in the results,Chinese media tended to use the strategies of“reason”and“logic”to persuade the audience,striving for easing the intensity of confrontation between China and the US,which reflected China's essential appeal of pursuing for conciliation,stabilization and mutual benefit.While the US media were good at taking the initiative by using the strategies of“emotion”and“power”.By putting an emphasize on exaggerating the conflict intensity between two countries,the US media manifested the essence of persisting in competition,change and confrontation.The research gave some enlightenments on how to respond to public opinions of foreign media and how to improve the rhetoric competence of Chinese media in the construction and development of game relationship between medias.