荷兰先前学习认定何以促进学习者的个性学习和职业发展

How the Validation of Prior Learning in the Netherlands Can Promote the Learners’Personalized Learning and Career Development

荷兰为了发现和利用更多潜在的社会劳动技能,并推进终身学习,建立了独具特色的双轨制先前学习认定体系,在教育领域和劳动力市场两个轨道识别、承认和认定学习者在非正规、非正式学习中获得的知识、技能和能力。通过建立质量保证体系、实施多主体协同合作、确立国家资格框架居中联结、形成配套认定程序与方式等,先前学习认定将学习与工作紧密结合在一起,在职业院校、应用科学大学和行业企业广泛应用,促进了学习者的个性学习和职业发展。我国高等职业教育已经具备实施先前学习认定的法律依据和政策基础,在制度建设和办学实践上可以从荷兰的经验中获得借鉴和启示。

In order to identify and utilize more potential social and labour skills and to advance lifelong learning,the Netherlands has established a unique dual-track validation of prior learning system,which identifies,recognizes and accredits knowledge,skills and competencies acquired by learners through non-formal and informal learning outside of formal learning contexts in both the education and labor market tracks.And with the establishing and effective operating of a system of quality assurance,the implementation of multi-stakeholder synergies,the conversions of national qualifications frameworks,and matching validation procedures and modalities,learning and work are closely integrated.So the validation of prior learning is widely adopted by the vocational education institutions,universities of applied sciences,as well as industries and companies,fostering the learners’personalized learning and career development.The higher vocational education in China already has the legal basis and policy foundation for implementing the validation of prior learning,and so it can draw inspiration from the experience of the Netherlands for its own system construction and practical exploration.