科学数据支撑国家重大战略需求的若干思考

Thoughts on the support of scientific data for major national strategic requirements

党的二十大报告指出,科技是第一生产力、人才是第一资源、创新是第一动力,发出了深入实施创新驱动发展战略,开辟发展新领域新赛道,不断塑造发展新动能新优势的号召.科技创新是农业强国、制造强国、贸易强国、航天强国、海洋强国、网络强国和健康中国、美丽中国、平安中国等国家重大战略的核心动能,在全面建设社会主义现代化国家中发挥关键作用,而数据则是实施创新驱动发展战略的关键要素.

With the development of global big data and the implementation of the national big data strategy,data has become an important production factor,and scientific big data has become the cornerstone of the national big data strategy.The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to strengthen the construction of scientific and technological infrastructure capacity and to implement the National Strategy for Innovation-driven Development.In the new era,scientific data has become a source of scientific discovery,an engine for promoting technological innovation and the modern industrial revolution,a cornerstone for supporting public benefits and people’s well-being,a tool for safeguarding national security and social stability,a global cooperation link for a human community with a shared future,and therefore play a missionary role in supporting the national major strategic requirements.After a long and deep cultivation period,China has made a series of remarkable achievements in the scientific data path,including the initial establishment of a scientific data governance mechanism,substantial progress in constructing scientific data resources,the gradual formation of an open innovation ecology of scientific data,and the emergence of scientific data centers as an important component of the science and technology innovation chain.China has become an important force in promoting the construction and development of scientific data internationally and is evolving from a large country to a strong country regarding scientific data.While facing major national strategic requirements and fierce international competition,China’s scientific data path is facing unprecedented historical development opportunities and a series of significant challenges,such as the insufficient supply of high-quality scientific data and the data application models and tools,the short boards of the theory and methodology of scientific data governance,the lack of high-level inter-disciplinary data talents,the shortage of scientific data infrastructure,the urgent need for the further development of scientific data open and innovative ecosystems,and the new trend of developing research-oriented scientific data centers facing the new scientific paradigm.This paper puts forward several thoughts and suggestions on developing China’s scientific data in the new era,focusing on constructing a strong country in scientific data,including seven priority areas of development and six proposed macro-level actions.The seven priority areas relate to strengthening scientific data governance,advancing open scientific data,developing core capacity for scientific data,improving the system of scientific data centers,utilizing scientific data effectively under the new scientific research paradigm,enabling the digital economy with scientific data,and fostering international cooperation.The six action recommendations include strengthening research on scientific data development strategy,establishing national major scientific and technological infrastructures of scientific data,providing long-term and stable funding support for research on basic theories and key technologies of scientific data,improving the capacity and level of scientific data centers in an overall manner,accelerating the construction of the basic regime of scientific data,and promoting the education of scientific data talents and the development of data science disciplines.Our study aims to trigger wider and deeper discussions toward exploring the path of scientific data development in China,make better use of scientific data as a production factor of innovation,comprehensively improve the scientific data governance and utilization level in China,promote the deep excavation of scientific data value,and enhance the support and guarantee capability of scientific data for national major strategic requirements.