基于三磁场变换器的管件电磁胀形电磁力分布与轴向均匀度

Electromagnetic force distribution and axial uniformity of tube electromagnetic bulging based on three-magnetic field converter

针对管件在电磁胀形过程中因端部效应导致的轴向均匀度差等问题,提出了一种基于三磁场变换器的管件电磁胀形方法。采用COMSOL软件构建管件电磁胀形的电磁-结构耦合仿真模型,研究管件径向电磁力的分布,进一步分析了三磁场变换器的结构参数对管件轴向均匀度的影响。研究表明:与现有技术相比,基于三磁场变换器的管件电磁胀形技术能够产生凹型分布的电磁力,进而提高管件的轴向均匀度;针对特定的待加工管件,存在最合适的三磁场变换器结构参数。磁场变换器的间距、中部散磁器外壁高度和端部集磁器外壁高度分别为19.0、19.6和6.0 mm时管件胀形均匀度最佳,与无磁场变换器的传统线圈管件胀形方式相比,均匀度提高了3.20倍,与双集磁器管件胀形方式相比,均匀度提高了3.04倍,与基于散磁器的管件胀形方式相比,均匀度提高2.36倍。

For the problem of poor axial uniformity caused by the end effect during the electromagnetic bulging process of tube fittings,a tube electromagnetic bulging method based on three-magnetic field converter was proposed,and the electromagnetic-structure coupling simu-lation model for tube electromagnetic bulging was built by software COMSOL.Then,the distribution of radial electromagnetic force on tube fittings was studied,and the influences of structural parameters of three-magnetic field converter on the axial uniformity of tube fittings were further analyzed.The research shows that compared with the existing technology,the tube electromagnetic bulging technology based on three-magnetic field converters can generate concavely-distributed electromagnetic force to increase the axial uniformity of tube fittings.For the specific tube to be processed,there are the most suitable structural parameters of three-magnetic field converter.In this calculation ex-ample,the tube bulging uniformity is the best when the spacing of magnetic field converter,the outer wall height of middle magnet diffuser and the outer wall height of end magnet collector are 19.0,19.6 and 6.0 mm,respectively.Compared with the traditional coil tube bulging method without magnetic field converter,the uniformity is improved by 3.2 times,by 3.04 times compared with the tube bulging method with double magnetic collectors,and by 2.36 times compared with the tube bulging method based on magnetic diffuser.