测定地质样品中铌、钽、铪、锆不同分析方法的比较

Comparison of Different Analytical Methods for the Determination of Niobium,Tantalum,Hafnium and Zirconium in Geological Samples

研究了不同酸溶、碱融测定地质样品中铌、钽、铪、锆的前处理方法,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法进行测定。选用不同种类地质样品标准物质进行了条件实验,并分析了敞口酸溶、密闭消解、碱融三种不同分析方法的优劣点,供不同实验条件的实验室进行选择。采用硝酸-氢氟酸-过氧化氢体系密闭消解酸溶ICP-MS检测的方法能很好地测定铌、钽、铪、锆,相对标准偏差(RSDn=12)小于4%,并应用于尼日利亚高山州ZURAK地区一批实际样品的分析检测,取得了较好的效果。

The pretreatment methods for the determination of Niobium,Tantalum,Hafnium and Zirconium in geological samples by different acid dissolution and alkali fusion were studied.The determination was carried out by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Different kinds of geological sample standard materials were selected for conditional experiments,and the advantages and disadvantages of three dif⁃ferent analytical methods,open acid dissolution,closed digestion and alkali fusion,were analyzed for laboratory selec⁃tion under different experimental conditions.The method of nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid-hydrogen peroxide system closed digestion and acid dissolution ICP-MS detection can be used to determine Niobium,Tantalum,Hafnium and Zir⁃conium,and the relative standard deviation(RSDn=12)is less than 4%.It has been applied to the analysis and de⁃tection of a batch of actual samples in ZURAK area,Alpine State,Nigeria and good results have been achieved.