彩钢瓦类建筑检测与定位方法研究

Research on Methods for Detection and Localization of Color Steel Tile Buildings

违章建筑的检测和定位问题一直是城市管理的挑战,彩钢瓦类建筑是界定是否属于违建建筑的重点关注对象之一。现有研究都集中于如何检测彩钢瓦类建筑,而缺少此类建筑的具体街道定位。为了解决上述问题,提出一种将违建检测与定位相结合的框架,并以无人机拍摄的可见光图像作为数据集,在深圳市某街道区域进行了实证研究。首先使用无人机对检测区域进行图像数据采集,然后通过DINO进行彩钢瓦类建筑的检测,获取彩钢瓦类建筑边界框的中心点。经坐标系转换,获取彩钢瓦类建筑的经纬度,并使用Aruco码对定位精度进行验证,最后通过地图引擎的接口将经纬度与街道信息相关联。检测结果表明,DINO在彩钢瓦类建筑检测方面表现良好,检测精度达90%。定位试验结果表明,在无人机距待测物高度30 m内时,定位精度可以控制在1 m以内,但无人机距待测物高度的增加会导致定位精度下降。提出并验证了一种有效的彩钢瓦类建筑检测与定位框架,该方法不仅具有较高的检测精度,还可确定其具体街道定位,有助于更精准和高效的城市管理。

The detection and location of illegal buildings has always been a challenge for urban management,Color steel tile buildings are one of the key objects of attention in determining whether they are illegal buildings.Existing research focuses on how to detect colored steel and tile buildings,but lacks the specific street positioning of such buildings.This study aims to address this issue by proposing a framework that integrates illegal building detection with location.An empirical study in a particular street area in Shenzhen was conducted,aerial visible light images taken by drones were used as the dataset.Firstly,drones were used to collect image data from the detection area,and then DINO was applied to detect color steel tile buildings and obtain the center points of their bounding box.After coordinate system transformation,the coordinates of the color steel tile buildings were obtained,and Aruco codes were used to verify the accuracy of the location.Finally,the coordinates were correlated with street information through the interface of a map engine.The detection results indicated that DINO performed well in detecting color steel tile buildings,achieving a detection accuracy of 90%.The positioning test results indicated that when the drone was within 30 m of the measured object,the positioning accuracy could be controlled within 1 m,but the increase in the height of the drone from the measured object wouldcause the positioning accuracy to decrease.An effective framework for the detection and location of illegal buildings was proposed and validated.This method not only has high accuracy in detecting color steel tile buildings,but can also determine the specific street location of color steel tile buildings,which contributes to more accurate and efficient urban management.