飞行器环形热电器件冷却性能数值研究

Numerical Study on Cooling Performance of Aerocraft Annular Thermoelectric Cooler

为了研究环形热电制冷器件(ATEC)瞬态特性的影响,基于热-电-力多物理场耦合效应,建立ATEC三维模型。P/N级采用Bi(2)Te_(3)半导体材料,分析不同工况下关键参数对环形热电制冷器件瞬态特性影响,得到性能参数冷端温度Tc和von Mises应力的变化规律。通过改变ATEC热端换热系数(h)、输入电流(I)和冷端负载(Qc),研究分析不同工况下的冷端过冷温度、稳定温度和von Mises应力分布变化,得到ATEC工作的瞬态特性。对ATEC热电臂尺寸(La和Φ)结构进行优化分析,结果表明,当ATEC热电臂长度La=2 mm,热电臂角度Φ=7°时,ATEC冷端最低温度为277.92 K,稳定温度为284.09 K,其最大von Mises应力为67.99 MPa。满足屈服强度并能够增强机载器件散热能力,为实际工程应用和热电冷却研究提供了理论指导。

In order to study the influence of transient characteristics of annular thermoelectric cooler(ATEC),a 3D model of ATEC was established based on the coupling effect of thermalelectric-force multiple physical fields.The effects of key parameters on the transient characteristics of annular thermoelectric cooler under different operating conditions were analyzed by using Bi(2)Te_(3)semiconductor material at P/N stage,and the variation rules of the cold junction temperature T_c and von Mises stress were obtained.By changing the ATEC heat transfer coefficient(h),input current(I)and cold load(Q_c),cold junction sub-cooled temperature,stable temperature,and von Mises stress distribution at cold end under different conditions were analyzed to obtain the transient characteristics of ATEC operation.The structure of the ATEC thermoelectric arm size(La andΦ)is optimized.The results show that when the length of the ATEC thermoelectric arm is 2 mm and the Angle of the thermoelectric arm is 7°,the lowest cold end temperature of ATEC is 277.92 K and the stable temperature is 284.09 K.The maximum von Mises stress was 67.99 MPa.It can meet the yield strength and enhance the heat dissipation capacity of airborne devices,which provides theoretical guidance for practical engineering applications and thermoelectric cooling research.