基于InVEST模型的伏牛山地区生态系统碳储量时空变化模拟

Simulation of Temporal and Spatial Changes in Ecosystem Carbon Storage in Funiu Mountains Based on InVEST Model

在生态文明建设高质量的发展环境下,探究国土空间规划视角下土地利用合理规划与碳减排关系有重大现实意义.山地生态系统作为自然、社会和经济的综合生态系统,对区域生态环境质量提高和可持续发展具有重要影响.以河南省伏牛山区为研究对象,采用InVEST与CA-Markov模型预测2000~2030年多情景下伏牛山生态系统碳储量的时空分布差异.结果表明:(1) 2000~2020年,伏牛山地耕地和林地大面积减少,水域和建设用地增加.自然增长情景下耕地持续减少;耕地保护情境下耕地面积减少速度得到有效缓解;生态保护情景下,林地草地面积得到了有效保护.(2) 2000~2020年,伏牛山地生态系统碳储量减少2.62×10^(6) t;自然增长情景下,生态系统碳储量持续减少;耕地保护情景稍有缓解;生态保护措施有效缓解了碳损失.(3)碳储量随海拔升高呈驼峰状变化,随着坡度升高而呈现增加的趋势.因此,在未来伏牛山地区国土空间规划中,可综合考虑生态保护与耕地保护情景,在增加碳储量的同时也保证了粮食生产.

In the context of high-quality development of ecological civilizations,exploring the relationship between rational land use planning and carbon reduction from the perspective of territorial spatial planning has significant practical implications.Mountainous ecosystems,as comprehensive ecosystems encompassing nature,society,and economy,have a crucial impact on improving regional ecological environment quality and ensuring sustainable development.This study focused on the Funiu Mountains in Henan Province and utilized the InVEST and CA-Markov models to predict the spatio-temporal distribution differences in carbon stocks in the Funiu Mountain ecosystem from 2000 to 2030 under multiple scenarios.The results indicated the following:①From 2000 to 2020,extensive reductions in cultivated land and forests occurred in the Funiu Mountains,whereas water construction and land use increased.Under the natural growth scenario,cultivated land continuously decreased,but this decrease was effectively mitigated under the farmland conservation scenario.Furthermore,the scenario of ecological protection effectively preserved the area of forests and grasslands.②From 2000 to 2020,the carbon stock of the Funiu Mountain ecosystem decreased by 2.62×10^(6) t.Under the natural growth scenario,the carbon stock continued to decline,whereas the farmland conservation scenario provided slight relief,and the implementation of ecological protection measures effectively alleviated carbon losses.③Carbon stock exhibited a hump-like change with increasing elevation,and it showed an increasing trend with higher slopes.Therefore,in future territorial spatial planning in the Funiu Mountains,it is advisable to comprehensively consider scenarios of ecological protection and cultivated land protection,thereby simultaneously increasing carbon storage and ensuring grain production.