中医人文教育中叙事医学的运用探索

Exploration on the Application of Narrative Medicine in Tcm Humanities Education

叙事医学是叙事能力所实践的医学,是一种临床实践手段。中医学上的“医者意也”与叙事医学有着相同或者相近的理论立场。在中医药高等院校的人文教育中,实践叙事医学有独特的人文背景,更加体现对于中医学的精神传承。叙事医学的实践分为两部分,即医学人文作品阅读和平行病历写作。医学人文作品阅读让学生体会到敬畏生命的理念,体会到中医诊疗的“整体观”和“辩证论治”原则,中西医诊疗的区别,“共情”能力也得到训练。平行病历的写作让学生体会到医学伦理的基本原则,理解疾病背后病因的多元化,以及规范病历和平行病历的结合书写也得到训练。通过叙事医学这一手段的训练,学生在具备中医诊疗技能的同时,沉下心来体及患者背后的真实生活,对病痛的真实体现反应,并且结合中医的诊疗思路对诊疗方法进行改进和完善,叙事素养得到提升,为真正走上工作岗位打下良好的中医人文基础。

Narrative medicine is the medicine practiced by narrative ability,and it is a means of clinical practice.In traditional Chinese medicine,"doctor's intention"and narrative medicine have the same or similar theoretical positions.The practice of narrative medicine in the humanistic education of Chinese medicine colleges and universities has a unique humanistic background,which more reflects the spiritual inheritance of Chinese medicine.The practice of narrative medicine is divided into two parts,namely the reading of medical humanistic works and the writing of parallel medical records.Reading medical humanistic works makes students realize the concept of reverence for life,and realize the principle of"holistic view"and"dialectical treatment"in TCM diagnosis and treatment.The difference between Chinese and Western medicine has been realized,and the ability of"empathy"has been also trained.The writing of parallel medical records gives students an appreciation of the basic principles of medical ethics,an understanding of the diversity of causes behind diseases,and training in the combination of standardized and parallel medical records.Through the training of narrative medicine,students can not only acquire the skills of TCM diagnosis and treatment,but also sink into the real life behind the patients and reflect the real reaction to the pain.In addition,they can improve and perfect the diagnosis and treatment methods in combination with the diagnosis and treatment ideas of TCM,so as to improve their narrative literacy and lay a good humanistic foundation of TCM for real work.