脑电图结果和脑干听觉诱发电位与急性脑干梗死患者吞咽功能障碍的关系探讨

Exploration of the Relationship between Electroencephalography Results and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential and Swallowing Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Brainstem Infarction

目的:探讨急性脑干梗死患者吞咽功能障碍与脑电图结果和脑干听觉诱发电位之间的关系。方法:将2021年1月—2023年4月在厦门市仙岳医院接受治疗的80例急性脑干梗死患者纳入为观察组,并选取同期健康体检者80例纳入为对照组,纳入的160例研究对象均接受脑电图及脑干听觉诱发电位检查。分析两组脑干听觉诱发电位、脑电图检查异常率并进行组间比较;比较不同脑干听觉诱发电位表现的脑梗死患者吞咽困难及预后情况;比较不同脑电图表现的脑梗死患者吞咽困难及预后情况;比较不同预后情况的脑梗死患者脑干听觉诱发电位检查Ⅰ波、Ⅲ波、Ⅴ波、Ⅰ-Ⅲ波、Ⅲ-Ⅴ波。结果:观察组脑电图和脑干听觉诱发电位异常率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。与脑干听觉诱发电位异常患者比较,正常患者改良Rankin量表问卷(mRS)预后良好、吞咽困难情况较轻(P<0.05);与脑电图异常患者比较,正常患者吞咽困难情况较轻(P<0.05)。脑干听觉诱发电位检查预后良好患者Ⅰ波、Ⅲ波、Ⅴ波、Ⅰ-Ⅲ波、Ⅲ-Ⅴ波均低于预后不良患者(P<0.05)。结论:脑电图和脑干听觉诱发电位检查异常患者的预后情况较差,吞咽功能障碍情况较为严重。

Objective:To explore the relationship between swallowing dysfunction,electroencephalography results and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in patients with acute brainstem infarction.Method:From January 2021 to April 2023,80 patients with acute brainstem infarction who were treated in Xiamen Xianyue Hospital were included as the observation group,and 80 cases of healthy physical examination during the same period were included as the control group,and 160 included subjects underwent electroencephalography and brainstem auditory evoked potential examination.The abnormal rate of brainstem auditory evoked potential and electroencephalography were analyzed and compared between the two groups;dysphagia and prognosis of patients with cerebral infarction with different brainstem auditory evoked potentials were compared;dysphagia and prognosis in patients with cerebral infarction with different electroencephalography findings were compared;Ⅰwave,Ⅲwave,Ⅴwave,Ⅰ-Ⅲwave,andⅢ-Ⅴwave of cerebral infarction patients with different prognosis by brainstem auditory evoked potentials examination were compared.Result:The abnormal rate of Electroencephalography and brainstem auditory evoked potential in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with patients with abnormal brainstem auditory evoked potentials,the modified Rankin scale questionnaire(mRS)were better prognosis and milder swallowing difficulties in normal patients(P<0.05).Compared with patients with abnormal electroencephalogram,swallowing difficulties were milder in normal patients(P<0.05).Ⅰwave,Ⅲwave,Ⅴwave,Ⅰ-Ⅲwave andⅢ-Ⅴwave in patients with good prognosis brainstem auditory evoked potential examination were lower than those in patients with poor prognosis(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prognosis of patients with abnormal electroencephalography and brainstem auditory evoked potential is poor,and swallowing dysfunction is serious.