㶲耗散法对数控加工刀具路径能耗评估研究

Study on the Energy Consumption Evaluation of NC Machining Tool Paths Exergy Loss Method

针对数控加工中不同刀具路径加工的能耗问题进行研究,基于㶲(yòng)分析理论提出了一种㶲(yòng)耗散方法,对不同刀具路径加工进行能耗的评估;㶲耗散方法通过对加工过程中的切削热、切削液、机床待机、刀具切削磨损、压缩空气等能耗源进行分析,并对各个能耗源进行数学建模,计算不同刀具路径加工情况下的能耗,通过比较不同刀具路径加工能耗的大小,在保证加工质量的前提下选择能耗较少的刀具路径,达到节能目的;最后分别使用三种不同的刀具路径对曲面进行加工实验,通过实验结果证明:实际加工的能耗与㶲耗散法评估的能耗一致,等间距环形刀具路径比往复刀具路径的总㶲能耗降低了10.93%,等间距环形刀具路径比斜45°刀具路径的总㶲能耗降低了15.24%,说明㶲耗散法评估刀具路径加工能耗是可行的;创新点在于提出了㶲耗散法,通过㶲耗散把电能和物料能等不同类型的能量转化为同一形式进行计算,使能耗评估更加全面。

In order to study the energy consumption of different tool path machining in NC machining,a kind of energy consump-tion dispersion method is proposed based on the theory of tool path,and the energy consumption of different tool path machining is evaluated and calculated.By analyzing the energy consumption sources such as cutting heat,cutting fluid,machine tool standby,tool cutting wear,compressed air and so on,and modeling each energy consumption source mathematically,the energy consump-tion of different tool path machining is calculated.By comparing the energy consumption of different tool path machining,the tool path with less energy consumption is selected under the premise of ensuring the machining quality to achieve the purpose of energy saving;Finally,three different tool paths are used to process the surface,and the experimental results show that the energy con-sumption of the actual machining is the same as that of the tool path evaluation,the total diameter of the tool path of the following component is 10.93%lower than that of the reciprocating tool path,and the total diameter of the tool path of the following compo-nent is 15.24%lower than that of the oblique 45°tool path,which indicates that it is feasible to evaluate the energy consumption of tool path processing by the tool path dissipation method;The innovation is that the method converts different types of energy into the same form,such as electric energy and material energy,making energy assessments more comprehensive.