事件工作记忆的近因效应

The Recency Effect of Event Working Memory

顺序效应是工作记忆研究中值得关注的问题。本研究考察事件工作记忆的顺序效应。实验采用工作记忆变化觉察范式,要求被试记忆序列呈现的五个生物运动事件。正确率和反应时的结果一致发现,仅序列中最后一个事件的正确率显著高于其他位置,而反应时显著低于其他位置,即事件的序列工作记忆存在显著近因效应,但没有首因效应。事件工作记忆的顺序效应与其他视觉客体(如色块、朝向)类似,而与事件长时记忆的顺序效应不同。

The serial-position effect is a noteworthy issue in the study of working memory.The present study aimed to investigat the working memory serial-position effect for events.We employed the change detection paradigm of working memory and required the participants to remember five biological motion events presented in sequence.Consistent results were found in both accuracy and reaction times:only the accuracy of the last event in the sequence was significantly higher than that of other positions,and the reaction time was significantly lower than that of other positions.That is,there was a significant recency effect in sequence working memory of event,but no primacy effect.The serial-position effect of event working memory is similar to that of other visual objects(such as color,orientation),but different from that of event long-term memory.