汉语“一+量量”结构的部分量化研究——以河南固始方言为例

A Partitive Quantization Study of"yi+liangliang"Structure in Chinese--A Case Study of Gushi Dialect in Henan Province

近年来,越来越多的学者开始关注到汉语量范畴的独特性,部分量是现代汉语量范畴的重要成员。文章以河南固始方言中具有部分量化功能的“一+量量”结构为研究对象,首先讨论了该结构的句法表现和语义特征,句法环境不同,其表现出的主观语义也存在差异。其次,讨论了固始方言“一+量量”结构的部分量化对象,受语言主观性、内部论元的可分解性以及焦点凸显等因素的影响,“一+量量”结构部分量化的对象包括NP和动作过程两大类:量化NP表示对该事物在空间层面上的数量分解,量化动作过程表现为量化动作情状在时间进程上的不同阶段。文章还将固始方言中的“一+量量”结构和普通话中的进行对比,发现该结构在普通话中不具备部分量化功能,在固始方言中“一+量量”结构部分量化的实质表现为主观小量化,它的参与对象始终是被量化的整体,只是参与量化的次数不唯一。

In recent years,more and more scholars have begun to pay attention to the uniqueness of Chinese quantity category,and partitive quantity is an important member of modern Chinese quantity category.In this paper,the"yi+liangliang-+量量"structure with partitive quantization's function in Gushi dialect is studied.Firstly,the syntactic expression and semantic features of this structure are discussed,the subjective semantics of different,syntactic environments are also different.Secondly,it discusses the partially quantified objects of the"yi+liangliang"structure of Gushi dialect,affected by the subjectivity of language,the dissolvability of internal arguments and the prominence of focus,the quantized objects of"yi+lianglinag"structure include NP and action process:quantization NP represents the quantitative decomposition of the thing at the spatial level,and the quantization action process is represented by the different stages of the quantization action condi-tion in the time process.This paper also compares the"yi+liangliang"structure in Gushi dialect with that in modern Chinese,and finds that this structure does not have partitive quantization function in modern Chinese.In Gushi dialect,the partitive quantization of"yi+liangliang"structure is essentially a subjective small quantization,and its participating object is always the whole being quantized,but the number of participation is not unique.