顾及全生命周期的国际大洋钻探科学数据模型构建与管理服务方法研究

Research on Data Model Construction and Management Service Methods for Scientific Ocean Drilling Considering the Whole Lifecycle

国际大洋钻探计划是地球科学中规模巨大、历时长久的国际合作项目,其数据具有来源复杂、存储分散、格式多样等特征。现有岩芯、测井、文献等数据库平台建设较早,数据组织不统一、检索条件单一、分析应用困难,缺少集成且多样的可视化及分析工具,不利于数据的统一管理、有效整合、高效调度、广泛共享和综合利用。针对上述问题,论文首先剖析了全生命周期的国际大洋钻探科学数据产生流程和组织形式,并分析国际大洋钻探数据要素分类和描述体系,构建了顾及全生命周期的国际大洋钻探科学数据模型,在此基础上,提出包含数据组织、数据查询和专题制图的国际大洋钻探科学数据整合和服务应用框架,设计基于弹性搜索引擎数据冷热分离的数据存储、基于要素按需整合思想的数据查询和可定制可配置的钻孔数据专题制图方法,最后开展了在线验证平台研发实践。研究结果表明,本数据模型及应用框架具备支持数据统一存储、多要素查询和灵活制图等能力和特点,可为科学大数据的高效管理和应用提供借鉴。

Scientific Ocean Drilling is a large-scale and long-standing international collaborative project in Earth sciences.Over the past 50 years,the program has carried out more than 300 expeditions and acquired a large amount of scientific data.The data exhibit typical characteristics of big scientific data,such as complex sources,diverse storage formats,and varied data structures.Currently,earth science has entered the fourth paradigm of data-driven scientific discovery.Effective organization and management of data,as well as enhanced data integration and services,are important foundational requirements for utilizing scientific ocean drilling data for data-driven Earth science discoveries.Existing scientific ocean drilling databases were established at an early stage,featuring relatively simple data retrieval capabilities and a lack of integrated and diverse data-processing tools.This poses challenges to the unified management,effective integration,efficient scheduling,extensive sharing,and comprehensive utilization of data.In response to these problems,firstly,the issues and requirements of scientific ocean drilling data organization and modeling are thoroughly analyzed.The process of generating scientific ocean drilling data,considering the whole lifecycle,was analyzed for organizing multi-source heterogeneous data.Then,based on the information expression system with elements of time,place,character,object,event,phenomenon,and scene,dimensions of semantic,spatial location,geometric structure,attribute,interrelationship,evolution process,and mechanism of interpretation from the perspective of geography,a scientific ocean drilling data model was constructed,taking into account the entire lifecycle of drilling data.Building upon this foundation,a framework for the scientific ocean drilling data integration and service application was proposed,encompassing data management,data querying,and thematic mapping.To optimize storage space and improve query efficiency,the storage implementation based on object-relational database and Elasticsearch was completed,following the concept of data cold-hot separation.To meet diversified data acquisition needs,a data retrieval approach with elemental on-demand query and multi-modal result integration was proposed.To better visualize the data,a customizable and configurable thematic mapping method was implemented.Based on these methods,a verification platform with the aforementioned capabilities was developed.The scientific ocean drilling data of Exp349,Exp367,and Exp368 in the South China Sea were used as examples to validate the feasibility of the methods and the usability of the platform.The research findings provide methodological references for organizing scientific ocean drilling data and serve as a reference for the efficient management and application of big scientific data.