基于手机定位数据的游客步行行为特征及与旅游区功能布局关系研究

Characteristics of Tourists' Walking Behavior and Its Relationship with the Functional Layout of Tourist Areas Based on Mobile Phone Positioning Data

对步行旅游区游客步行轨迹和行为特征进行研究,发现步行行为特征与旅游区功能布局的关系,有助于步行旅游区功能布局和空间格局的优化。本研究基于记录海量个体时空轨迹的手机定位数据,以十一黄金周期间鼓浪屿为例,使用数据挖掘与空间分析方法从步行游客空间分布、步行轨迹网络结构、街区间步行路径与速度、街区内步行速度等方面分析游客步行行为特征及其与功能布局的关系,并与规划文件比较,提出旅游区发展建议。研究发现,旅游区空间布局对游客步行行为特征存在直接影响。功能布局导致各街区游客到访率以及步行轨迹网络中心度的差异。游客更倾向于选择人流量大的街道作为步行游览路线。商业街区虽然游客密集,但是街道上的游客流量并不大。在热门景点区域,游览路线单一造成的拥挤,导致游客停留意愿较低。大尺度开发与互动体验欠缺使得自然景观区和某些热门景点对游客的吸引力不足。对比游客步行时空特征与旅游区功能布局,提出了旅游区功能布局优化策略。本研究为旅游区用地和旅游线路的优化提供量化支持,对智慧旅游和城市高质量建设均具有现实意义。

Exploring the relationship between walking behavior characteristics and the functional layout of tourist areas by studying the walking track and behavior characteristics of tourists in walking tourist areas is helpful to optimize the functional layout and spatial pattern of walking tourist areas.Based on the mobile phone positioning data that recorded massive individuals' time and space tracks,Gulangyu Islet during the National Day Golden Week is taken as a case,and the spatial analysis method is used to analyze the characteristics of tourists' walking behavior and its relationship with the functional layout from the aspects of the spatial distribution of walking tourists,the network structure of walking tracks,the walking path and speed between blocks,and the walking speed within blocks.Compared with the planning documents,some suggestions are put forward for the development of tourist areas.It is found that the spatial layout of tourist areas has a direct impact on the characteristics of tourists' walking behavior.The functional layout results in the difference in visiting rate and the centrality of each block in the walking track network.Tourists are more inclined to choose streets with more walking people as routes.Although the commercial blocks are crowded with tourists,the flow of tourists on the streets is not large.In the popular scenic spots,the congestion caused by the single tour route leads to the low willingness of tourists to stay.Large-scale development and the lack of interactive experience make natural landscape areas and some popular scenic spots less attractive to tourists.By comparing the spatiotemporal characteristics of tourists' walking with the functional layout of tourist areas,the optimization strategy of functional layout is put forward.This study provides quantitative support for the optimization of land use and tourist routes in tourist areas and has practical significance for smart tourism and high-quality urban construction.