全功率型风电机组调频控制器的实用化辨识方法

Practical Identification Method of Frequency Regulation Controller for Full-power Wind Turbines

建立和实际调频响应特性一致的风电机组模型,是分析高比例新能源电力系统频率安全稳定的前提和基础。目前,针对风电机组涉频仿真建模的研究较少,多在调频控制器结构已知的前提下采用智能算法进行控制参数的辨识,缺乏通用性与工程实用性。首先,文中建立了能够涵盖国内主流型号全功率型风电机组的通用电磁暂态模型,并在此基础上,针对风电机组的可行调频控制策略,构建了包括超速减载控制、桨距角控制、虚拟惯量控制和下垂控制的全要素综合调频控制系统。然后,基于机组调频响应特性与调频控制策略/参数的对应关系,提出了采用机组实测频率响应特性曲线形态辨识调频控制器结构、采用机组实测频率响应特性曲线特征值辨识调频控制器参数的实用化辨识方法。最后,通过所提实用化调频控制器辨识方法建立的机组电磁暂态模型与厂家“黑盒”模型及现场试验的调频响应特性的对比,验证了所提调频控制器辨识方法的有效性。

Establishing a wind turbine model that is consistent with the actual frequency response characteristics is the prerequisite and foundation for analyzing the frequency safety and stability of power systems with high proportion of renewable energy.At present,there is little research on frequency simulation modeling of wind turbines,and intelligent algorithms are mostly used to identify control parameters based on the known structure of frequency regulation controllers,lacking universality and engineering practicality.First,a universal electromagnetic transient model that can cover mainstream models of full-power wind turbines in China is established.On this basis,aiming at the feasible frequency regulation control strategy for wind turbines,a comprehensive frequency regulation control system covering all elements is constructed including overspeed de-load control,pitch angle control,virtual inertia control,and droop control.Then,based on the correspondence between the frequency response characteristics of the unit and the frequency control strategy/parameters,a practical identification method is proposed,which adopts the morphology of the measured frequency response characteristic curves of the unit to identify the structure of the frequency regulation controller,and uses the eigenvalues of the measured frequency response characteristic curves of the unit to identify the parameters for the frequency regulation controller.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed identification method for the frequency regulation controller is demonstrated by comparing the electromagnetic transient model of the unit established by the proposed practical identification method for the frequency regulation controller with the“black box”model of manufacturers and the frequency regulation response characteristics of on-site tests.