中国三大城市群生态效率与居民福祉的耦合协调时空演变研究

A Study on the Coupled and Coordinated Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Ecological Efficiency and Resident Welfare in China′s Three Major Urban Agglomerations

区域社会经济高质量发展,要在“生态门槛”内实现居民福祉水平最大化。研究基于2011—2020年中国三大城市群相关面板数据,采用超效率SBM模型、熵权法和耦合协调度模型考察我国三大城市群生态效率、居民福祉及两者的耦合关系,采用灰色关联分析法分析影响生态效率与居民福祉的耦合协调度的关键指标。研究发现,中国三大城市群区域生态效率和居民福祉水平呈波动上升态势;京津冀和珠三角城市群生态效率曲线分别呈“W”型和倒“V”型,长三角城市群生态效率稳中有升;珠三角城市群居民福祉水平最高,京津冀城市群次之,长三角城市群相较最低。中国三大城市群地区生态效率与居民福祉的耦合协调关系显著改善,区域差异缩小,地区发展趋向于均衡,但各区域耦合协调度基础不高,仅部分区域达到中级协调状态。持续推进生态文明建设、调整产业结构,有助于提高城市生态环境质量和居民幸福感。

The high-quality of regional socioeconomic development needs to achieve the maximization of residents′well-being level within the"ecological threshold".The study is based on the panel data related to the three major urban agglomerations in China from 2011 to 2020.The super efficiency SBM model and entropy weight method are used to calculate the ecological efficiency and resident′s well-being of the three urban agglomerations.The coupling coordination degree model is used to explore the coupling relationship between the two,and the gray correlation analysis method is used to analyze the key influencing indicators of the coupling coordination degree between ecological efficiency and resident′s well-being.Research has found that the ecological efficiency and residents′well-being of the three major urban agglomerations in China are showing a fluctuating upward trend;the ecological efficiency curves of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration and Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration show a"W"-shaped and an inverted"V"-shaped structure respectively while the ecological efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is steadily increasing;the level of well-being of residents in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration is the highest,followed by the Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei urban agglomeration,and the level of well-being of residents in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is relatively the lowest.The coupling and coordination relationship between ecological efficiency and residents′well-being in the three major urban agglomerations of China has significantly improved with regional differences having narrowed and regional development tending to be balanced.However,the foundation of coupling and coordination among different regions is not high,and only some regions have reached an intermediate level of coordination.Environmental indicators are the main factors affecting the coupling relationship between ecological efficiency and residents′well-being.Continuously promoting ecological civilization construction,adjusting industrial structure,and improving urban ecological environment quality can help bolster residents′sensation on happiness.