僵尸企业的存在对就业增长的抑制研究——基于就业规模和就业稳定性视角

Research on the Inhibition of Employment Growth by the Existence of Zombie Enterprises:Based on the Perspectives of Employment Scale and Employment Stability

研究从就业规模和就业稳定性视角,基于工业企业数据和城市相关数据考察僵尸企业对正常企业就业增长的抑制情况。研究发现,僵尸企业会抑制正常企业的就业创造和就业净增长,带来就业破坏,增强就业增长波动性。企业僵尸化对就业创造基本引擎——小规模和年轻企业就业增长的抑制效应非常突出,对高技能就业创造主体——高技术企业就业增长产生的负面影响更显著。较之民营僵尸企业,国有僵尸企业对正常企业就业增长的抑制作用更为突出。研究认为,采取优化市场竞争环境、合理处置僵尸企业等措施能促进企业健康发展,拉动企业就业创造,实现就业规模增长。

This study examines the inhibitory effect of zombie enterprises on normal enterprise employment growth from the perspectives of employment scale and employment stability based on industrial enterprise data and urban related data.Research has found that zombie enterprises can inhibit the employment creation and net employment growth of normal enterprises,and bring about employment destruction and boost the volatility of employment growth.The inhibitory effect of enterprise zombieization on the employment growth of small-scale and start-up enterprises,which are the basic engines of employment creation,is very prominent;the negative impact on the employment growth of high-tech enterprises,which are the main creators of high skilled employment,is more significant.Compared to private zombie enterprises,state-owned zombie enterprises have a more prominent inhibitory effect on the employment growth of normal enterprises.Research suggests that measures such as optimizing the market’s competition environment and disposing of zombie enterprises can be taken to promote the healthy development of enterprises,stimulate employment creation,and achieve employment growth in scale.