退役锂电池带电破碎安全风险研究进展

Research progress on safety risk in charged crushing of retired lithium batteries

随着新能源行业的快速发展,锂电池需求量急剧增加,同时退役锂电池产生量也越来越大,从保护环境和资源再利用的角度考虑,对退役锂电池的安全稳定回收极具现实意义。基于此,介绍了湿式破碎、低温破碎、气体保护破碎等带电破碎工艺路线的原理和优缺点,从燃烧和爆炸必须具备的三要素(可燃物、助燃剂、点火源)出发,总结了带电破碎过程中燃烧爆炸的影响因素及规律,并探讨了安全控制策略。

With the rapid development of the new energy industry,the demand for lithium batteries has increased dramatically,and the amount of retired lithium batteries has also increased.From the perspective of environmental protection and resource reuse,the safe and stable recovery of retired lithium batteries is of great practical significance.Based on this,the principles and advantages and disadvantages of charged crushing process routes such as wet crushing,low-temperature crushing and gas protection crushing are introduced.Starting from the three essential elements of combustion and explosion(combustibles,combustion improvers and ignition sources),the influencing factors and laws of combustion and explosion in the process of charged crushing are summarized,and the safety control strategies are discussed.