中国乡村人居遗产聚集区识别及其空间格局

Study on Identification of Rural Settlement Heritage Aggregation Areas in China and Its Spatial Pattern

中华文明千年不辍,乡村人居遗产构成国家历史文化保护传承体系的重要组成部分。目前相关研究多针对单维度、单要素开展,对遗产的系统性和整体性有待进一步提升。文章以人居科学为指导,整合各类遗产要素初步构建乡村人居遗产系统,同时以小流域为基本空间单元,综合加权图层叠置、全局空间自相关、聚类和异常值等分析方法,识别中国乡村人居遗产聚集区43.64万平方千米,构建了由20个聚集区、48个聚集亚区、140个富集单元(组)构成的中国乡村人居遗产保护传承空间格局,为中国乡村历史文化保护传承体系新格局的构建提供参考。

Chinese people have created a longlasting civilization.Rural settlement heritage constitutes an important part of the national historical and cultural protection and inheritance system.Due to the lack of systematic excavation,identification,analysis,and research of China’s rural settlement heritage aggregation areas,the current protection and inheritance of rural heritage lack systematic organization,threatening the integrity of the historical and cultural protection and inheritance system.This study upholds the academic ideology of the science of human settlements,takes sub-watershed as the basic spatial unit,takes the spatial distribution of 8 types of rural human settlement heritage elements as the basic data,and integrates weighted map overlay and spatial autocorrelation,to identify 436,400 square kilometers of rural human settlement heritage aggregation areas in China.A spatial pattern of protection and inheritance of rural human settlement heritage in China is constructed,which consists of 20 aggregation areas,48 aggregation subareas,and 140 enrichment units.This study provides basic and comprehensive spatial data for building a new pattern of urban and rural historical and cultural protection and inheritance system in key areas,and provides multi-level and systematic spatial ideas for the future protection and development of China’s rural human settlement heritage.