上海市降尘自动监测系统研发与应用

Development and Application of Automatic Dust Fall Monitoring System in Shanghai

大气降尘量是重要的环境指标之一,可以较客观地反映和评价城市局部地区扬尘污染水平,对评价城市区域环境空气质量、分析大气污染来源和变化具有重要意义。国内外大气降尘监测普遍采用传统的手工监测方法,手工法因时效性差、效率低、能耗大、质控难、误差大等原因已不适应现代环境管理的需求。随着科技与网络的发展,自动监测方法成为发展趋势。文章主要阐述了上海市降尘自动监测技术的研发过程及实际应用,介绍了自主研发的降尘自动监测仪的原理、关键技术和系统组成。通过粉尘舱内实验、降尘自动监测方法与手工重量法比对测试及为期一年的试点应用,分析了降尘自动监测方法的精密度、准确度、相对误差及适用性,并探讨了降尘自动监测的应用前景。

The amount of atmospheric dust fall is one of the important environmental indicators.The amount of dust fall can objectively reflect and evaluate the level of fugitive dust pollution in local urban areas.It is of great significance to evaluate the environmental air quality in urban areas and analyze the sources and changes of air pollution.Traditional manual monitoring methods are widely used for atmospheric dust fall monitoring at home and abroad.Because of its poor timeliness,low efficiency,large energy consumption,difficult quality control,large error and other reasons,manual methods can not met the needs of modern environmental management.With the development of technology and network,automatic monitoring method has become a trend.This paper mainly describes the research and development process and practical application of automatic dust monitoring technology in Shanghai,introduces the principle,key technology and system composition of the self-developed automatic dust fall monitoring instrument.The precision,accuracy,relative error and applicability of the automatic monitoring method of dust fall are analyzed through the experiment in the dust chamber,the comparison test between the automatic monitoring method of dust fall and the manual weight method,and the pilot application for one year.The application prospect of automatic monitoring of dust fall is also discussed.