城市生态防减灾中人工智能技术应用的进展与逻辑框架

Progress and Logical Framework of Artificial Intelligence Technology Application in Urban Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Prevention and Reduction

在全球气候变化影响下,传统工程防灾难以解决自然灾害风险的不确定性问题。生态防减灾(Eco-DRR)作为国际韧性城市的前沿理论,对我国韧性城市发展有重要参考价值,人工智能(AI)技术可以很好地解决城市生态防减灾的不确定性问题,然而当前Eco-DRR理论研究与AI技术的实践应用存在断层。该文使用PRISMA2020框架调查城市Eco-DRR中AI技术应用的实践案例,通过质性研究总结城市Eco-DRR中AI技术的应用场景,从生态系统灾害调节服务评估、自然灾害风险评估、Eco-DRR方案决策以及Eco-DRR实施监测与后评估4个阶段剖析城市Eco-DRR中AI技术应用的典型案例。最后基于案例研究提出城市Eco-DRR领域AI技术应用的逻辑框架,总结其在应用过程中工具选择和数据准备的实践经验,探讨城市防灾中Eco-DRR的智能实现途径,为我国城市综合防灾和韧性城市建设提供借鉴。

Under the influence of global climate change,it is difficult to take traditional engineering implementations to deal with the uncertainty of natural disaster risk.As an international frontier theory of resilient cities,ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction(Eco-DRR)can provide a reference for the development of resilient cities in China.Artificial intelligence(AI)technology can deal with the uncertainty problem of urban Eco-DRR effectively.However,there is a gap between the current theoretical research of Eco-DRR and the practical application of AI technology.By using the PRISMA2020 framework the practice cases of AI technology application in urban Eco-DRR is investigated and the application scenarios of them are summarized through qualitative research.The typical cases of AI application in urban Eco-DRR are analyzed from four stages:ecosystem disaster regulation service assessment,natural disaster risk assessment,Eco-DRR plan decision-making,and Eco-DRR monitoring and post-evaluation.Finally,the logical framework is proposed and the practical experience of tool selection and data preparation in the application of AI technology application in the urban Eco-DRR based on the case study are summarized.The intelligent approaches of Eco-DRR in urban disaster prevention,which can provide a reference for comprehensive disaster prevention and resilient city construction in China are discussed.