济南市大一新生结核病防治知信行现状及行为影响因素

Current status of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge,attitude and practice and the influencing factors of behavior among freshmen in colleges and universities in Jinan,Shandong Province

目的了解济南市大一新生结核病防治知识知晓、态度和行为现状,分析结核病防治行为影响因素,为有针对性开展健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取8所驻地为济南市的高校,利用问卷星平台对7564名大一新生进行问卷调查。调查内容包括基本信息、结核病防治核心知识知晓情况、结核病防治态度和行为、结核病防治知识获取渠道和偏好。采用Logistic回归分析影响该群体结核病防治行为的因素。结果济南市大一新生结核防治总知晓率为89.81%,其中“怀疑患病后正确做法”知晓率最高,为98.49%;“减免政策”知晓率最低,为79.71%。不同性别、专业、家人结核病史、本人结核病史的学生结核病知识知晓合格率存在差异(χ^(2)值分别为12.42、7.63、6.80、7.27),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结核病防治正确态度持有率为68.77%,不同性别、年龄、专业、同学朋友结核病史学生结核病态度持有情况存在差异(χ^(2)值分别为34.81、6.57、324.40、20.99),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);结核病防治正性行为发生率为92.50%,不同专业、防治知识知晓情况、防治态度持有情况的学生防治行为存在差异(χ^(2)值分别为77.84、74.67、27.79),差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,非医学专业(OR=7.03,95%CI:4.11~12.02)是影响结核病防治行为的危险因素,知识知晓情况合格(OR=0.25,95%CI:0.17~0.37)、结核病防治态度正确(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.65~0.93)是影响结核病防治行为的保护因素(P均<0.05)。结论济南市大一新生结核病防治知信行情况较好,所学专业、防治知识知晓和态度情况是防治行为的主要影响因素。

Objective To investigate the current status of tuberculosis(TB)prevention and control knowledge,attitude and practice and the influencing factors of behavior among freshmen in colleges and universities in Jinan,Shandong Province,in order to provide basis for health promotion.Methods A total of 7,564 freshmen from 8 colleges and universities were selected with multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method,and surveyed with questionnaire using WJX platform.The questionnaire included basic information,core knowledge of TB control,TB prevention and control behavior,access to knowledge and preferences for TB control.The influencing factors were analyzed with Logistic regression.Results The total awareness rate of TB was 89.81%,the awareness rate of“the right things to do if you suspect TB”was the highest(98.49%),and the awareness rate of“remission policy”was the lowest(79.71%).Students with different gender,major,family history,personal history had statistically significant differences in the pass rate of TB knowledge(χ^(2)=12.42,7.63,6.80,7.27;P<0.01).The correct attitude of TB prevention and control was 68.77%.There were statistically significant differences in the attitude of students with different gender,age,major,TB history of classmates and friends(χ^(2)=34.81,6.57,324.40,20.99;P<0.05).The incidence of positive behavior of TB prevention and control was 92.50%.The behavioral of students differed significantly by different majors,knowledge and attitude(χ^(2)=77.84,74.67,27.79;P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that non-medical major(OR=7.03,95%CI:4.11-12.02)was the risk factor affecting TB prevention and control behavior,while knowledge(OR=0.25,95%CI:0.17-0.37)and attitude(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.65-0.93)were the protective factors.Conclusion Freshmen in Jinan have sufficient knowledge,attitude and practice of TB prevention and control.The major,knowledge and attitude are the main influencing factors of prevention and control behavior.