历史空间与现实生活融合的“体验再现”——面向遗产展示的虚拟现实展陈设计路径初探

“Experiential Reproduction”of Integrating Historical Space and Real Life:a Preliminary Study on the Virtual Reality Exhibition Design Approaches in Heritage Display

随着遗产数字化浪潮的兴起,虚拟现实技术在建筑遗产展示领域的应用场景不断拓展,工作流逐渐完善,但虚拟现实展陈设计的场景制作、交互体验等环节尚未建立成熟的技术路径。本文基于对国内外前沿虚拟现实展陈案例的分析,在内容层、技术层和体验层提炼面向建筑遗产展示的虚拟现实展陈设计路径,展望针对“消失的遗产”的数字化复原及沉浸式体验方式。力图通过更丰富生动的内容叙事、更沉浸互动的观览体验和更流畅完善的软硬件技术,让虚拟现实展陈为现实遗产赋能,最大限度地发挥虚拟世界与现实世界的互补效应,为观众创造“虚实相生”的观展体验。最后对该领域的主要瓶颈和发展方向进行探讨,为后续设计实践带来一定启示。

With the rise of heritage digitization,virtual reality(VR)technology has expanded its applications in architectural heritage display,and its workflow has been improved.While numerous digital heritage display projects have emerged both domestically and internationally,the majority aim at recording,detecting,and managing.The applications of VR technology in heritage display have remained constrained by the developing capabilities of content creation and exhibition design.This paper focuses on the VR exhibition design of“lost heritage”,exploring the implementation approaches to two scenarios:“auxiliary display restoration for heritage sites or museums”and“digital re-creation for cultural tourism and leisure”.Through case study and theoretical research,this paper analyzes VR exhibition design cases characterized by technological or academic representation.It identifies design points in content,experience,and technology aspects and summarizes design approaches that provide insights for content narratives,immersive experiences,and technological adaptation.Compared to previous literature,this paper discusses three aspects of VR exhibition design approaches in heritage displays.First,in terms of content,the efficiency of information transmission is improved through narrative script planning and spatial scene design.Second,in terms of experience,audience engagement in virtual heritage displays is amplified through increased immersion and interaction.Third,at the level of technology,the adaptability of virtual digital assets and hardware devices,such as VR glasses,is improved by using three-dimensional modeling and real-time rendering,thereby enhancing a refined and customized presentation in virtual exhibitions.This paper summarizes VR exhibition design approaches,focusing on content,experience,and technology.VR exhibitions can empower heritage entities through rich and vivid content narratives,immersive and interactive viewing experience,and smooth and improved software and hardware technologies.The goal is to maximize the complementary effect between virtual and real worlds and provide the audience with an exhibition experience of“virtual reality”.In the prospect of industrial expansion of VR and broader metaverse,further contemplation and implementation are necessary for the applications of VR exhibition design in the heritage display.