河西走廊民歌《月牙照花台》的内容、结构及流播问题探析

Content,Structure,and Transmission of Folk Song“Moonlight Illuminating the Flower Pavilion”in the Hexi Corridor

文章对河西走廊民歌《月牙照花台》做了分析与考证,认为其唱词反映的故事原型可以上溯至明代的时曲《五更子》与《闹五更》;与其相似的唱词最早为清代流行的时曲《恨郎君》,此类故事与相似唱词在我国多地的汉族民歌中有流行;其旋律原型最早可以上溯到1919年出版的工尺谱《侉侉调》;江南等地流行的《无锡景》类民歌与《月牙照花台》类民歌是同源关系,但在调式、风格等方面呈现出南北两个不同体系;以月为意象推动时间发展的五更体结构民歌的渊源可追溯至《诗经》中的《月出》。

This article puts forward the story prototype reflected in the lyrics of folk song“Moonlight Illuminating the Flower Pavilion”from the Hexi Corridor that can be traced back to“Wu Geng Zi”and“Nao Wu Geng”in the Ming Dynasty.Similar lyrics can also be found in the popular Qing Dynasty folk song“Hen Lang Jun,”and such stories and similar lyrics are prevalent in Han ethnic folk songs in various regions of China.The earliest melody prototype can be traced back to the 1919 publication of“Kua Kua Diao”recorded in the gongche notation.Folk songs like“Moonlight Illuminating the Flower Pavilion”and“Wuxi Scenery”in Jiangnan may have the same origins,but they exhibit different styles and tonalities in the northern and southern regions.The origin of the wugeng genre,driven by the image of the moon,can be traced back to the“Moon Rising”in the Book of Songs.