分散梯级船闸输水时的作用水头和中间渠道断面形式对通航水流条件的影响

Influence of ross-section type and working head of intermediate channel on navigation flow conditions in decentralized cascade lock during water transfer

针对分散梯级船闸中间渠道的通航水流条件问题,研究了中间渠道断面形式对其影响。提出了矩形断面与梯形断面中间渠道的作用水头计算公式。采用数学数值模拟的方法研究两种断面形状对船闸通航水流条件的影响。结果表明:1)中间渠道充泄水的船闸作用水头一致,其水位呈现周期性的变化。2)改变中间渠道的断面形式对船闸输水时的流量变化趋势与输水时间影响较小。3)相较于矩形断面,梯形断面的中间渠道可以有效地减小上游船闸泄水过程中的水位变幅、振荡波波高、最大水面坡降和最大纵向流速。研究为分散梯级船闸中间渠道的设计提供了理论支持。

Regarding the problem of navigable water flow conditions within the intermediate channel of decentralized ladder locks,the present study delves into the impact of the intermediate channel section type on this aspect.A formulation for working head in the middle channel of rectangular section and trapezoidal section is proposed.Mathematical numerical simulation is used to study the influence of different section shapes on navigational flow conditions.The results show that:1)The working head of the intermediate channel filling and emptying water is consistent,and its water level shows periodic changes.2)Variations in section type have less effect on the flow trend and the time of water transfer at locks.3)Compared with the rectangular section,the intermediate channel with trapezoidal section can effectively reduce the water level variation,oscillatory wave height,maximum water surface slope drop,and maximum longitudinal flow velocity during the upstream lock discharge.This study provides theoretical support for the design of intermediate channels in decentralized ladder locks.