构建新时代农民教育培训高质量发展体制机制与政策体系研究

Research on the Establishment of High-quality Development System,Mechanism and Policy System of Peasant Education and Training in the New Era

农民教育培训是提升农民素质素养的最重要途径,是推动乡村人才振兴的“牛鼻子”。文章系统分析了新时代农民教育培训任务要求,全面梳理了农民教育培训现状和问题,从体制机制和政策体系层面深入分析问题,探讨构建新时代农民教育培训高质量发展体制机制与政策体系。研究表明:新时代农民教育培训的目标任务是面向农业现代化、农村现代化、农民现代化,培养具有基本科学文化知识和保护生态环境意识、掌握绿色生产技术技能、具备较强经管管理能力的现代农民。农民教育培训总体规模不足、农民学历教育与农民培训比例失衡、培训项目之间缺乏衔接、培育质量参差不齐,根本原因是体制机制和政策体系不完善。因此,构建新时代农民教育培训高质量发展体制机制与政策体系重点是完善“一个体制、二个机制、三个政策体系”,即完善农民教育培训工作管理协调体制,完善农民教育培训机制和培养资源手段保障机制,完善农民教育培训资助政策体系、受训农民就业创业扶持政策体系、受训农民激励服务政策体系。

Farmer education and training is the most important way to improve the quality of farmers,and is the “ox nose” to promote the revitalization of rural talents.This paper systematically evaluates the educational and training needs for farmers in the modern era.It thoroughly examines the current state and challenges of farmer education and training,diagnosing the root causes of these issues at systemic,institutional,and policy levels.The paper also explores the development of a high-quality system,mechanism,and policy framework tailored for farmer education and training in the contemporary context.Findings indicate that the core objective of farmer education and training is to cultivate a new breed of modern farmers.These individuals should possess foundational scientific and cultural literacy,a strong sense of ecological and environmental responsibility,proficiency in green production techniques,and robust economic and managerial skills.These competencies are vital for advancing agricultural,rural,and farmer modernization.Despite these goals,the paper highlights several critical shortcomings.The scale of farmer education and training is inadequate,the balance between educational and training components is skewed,there is a lack of continuity among training programs,and the quality of training output is inconsistent.These issues ultimately stem from flawed systems,mechanisms,and policy frameworks.To address these challenges,the paper emphasizes the necessity to refine the “one system,two mechanisms,and three policy systems”paradigm for farmer education and training.This involves enhancing the management and coordination framework for farmer education and training initiatives,establishing robust mechanisms for farmer education and training,and ensuring the availability of training resources and tools.Additionally,it requires the creation and enhancement of policies that subsidize farmer education and training,support farmer employment and entrepreneurship,and incentivize and assist farmers currently undergoing training.